Current-driven dynamics of chiral ferromagnetic domain walls
TLDR
This work directly confirms the DW chirality and rigidity by examining current-driven DW dynamics with magnetic fields applied perpendicular and parallel to the spin spiral and resolves the origin of controversial experimental results.Abstract:
In most ferromagnets the magnetization rotates from one domain to the next with no preferred handedness. However, broken inversion symmetry can lift the chiral degeneracy, leading to topologically rich spin textures such as spin spirals and skyrmions through the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Here we show that in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets sandwiched between a heavy metal and an oxide, the DMI stabilizes chiral domain walls (DWs) whose spin texture enables extremely efficient current-driven motion. We show that spin torque from the spin Hall effect drives DWs in opposite directions in Pt/CoFe/MgO and Ta/CoFe/MgO, which can be explained only if the DWs assume a Neel configuration with left-handed chirality. We directly confirm the DW chirality and rigidity by examining current-driven DW dynamics with magnetic fields applied perpendicular and parallel to the spin spiral. This work resolves the origin of controversial experimental results and highlights a new path towards interfacial design of spintronic devices.read more
Citations
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Spin Hall effects
TL;DR: In solid-state materials with strong relativistic spin-orbit coupling, charge currents generate transverse spin currents as discussed by the authors and the associated spin Hall and inverse spin Hall effects distinguish between charge and spin current where electron charge is a conserved quantity but its spin direction is not.
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Nucleation, stability and current-induced motion of isolated magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures
TL;DR: It is demonstrated by numerical investigations that an isolated skyrmion can be a stable configuration in a nanostructure, can be locally nucleated by injection of spin-polarized current, and can be displaced by current-induced spin torques, even in the presence of large defects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Magnetic skyrmions: advances in physics and potential applications
TL;DR: A review of the underlying physics of the stabilization of skyrmions at room temperature and their prospective use for spintronic applications is discussed in this paper, where the development of topological spintronics holds promise for applications in the mid-term furure, even though many challenges such as the achievement of writing, processing and reading functionalities at room-temperature and in all-electrical manipulation schemes, still lie ahead.
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Antiferromagnetic spintronics
TL;DR: A review of the most prominent spintronic effects described based on theoretical and experimental analysis of antiferromagnetic materials can be found in this article, where the authors discuss some of the remaining bottlenecks and suggest possible avenues for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-driven dynamics in ultrathin metallic ferromagnets
Seonghoon Woo,Kai Litzius,Benjamin Krüger,Mi-Young Im,Mi-Young Im,Lucas Caretta,K. Richter,Maxwell Mann,Andrea Krone,Robert M. Reeve,Markus Weigand,Parnika Agrawal,Ivan Lemesh,Mohamad-Assaad Mawass,Mohamad-Assaad Mawass,Peter Fischer,Peter Fischer,Mathias Kläui,Geoffrey S. D. Beach +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, stable magnetic skyrmions at room temperature in ultrathin transition metal ferromagnets with magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy were observed and demonstrated.
References
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Magnetic Domain-Wall Racetrack Memory
TL;DR: The racetrack memory described in this review comprises an array of magnetic nanowires arranged horizontally or vertically on a silicon chip and is an example of the move toward innately three-dimensional microelectronic devices.
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A perpendicular-anisotropy CoFeB–MgO magnetic tunnel junction
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TL;DR: Inter interfacial perpendicular anisotropy between the ferromagnetic electrodes and the tunnel barrier of the MTJ is used by employing the material combination of CoFeB-MgO, a system widely adopted to produce a giant tunnel magnetoresistance ratio in MTJs with in-plane an isotropy.
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Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
X. Z. Yu,Yoshinori Onose,Naoya Kanazawa,Jin-Hong Park,Jung Hoon Han,Yoshio Matsui,Naoto Nagaosa,Yoshinori Tokura +7 more
TL;DR: Real-space imaging of a two-dimensional skyrmion lattice in a thin film of Fe0.5Co 0.5Si using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy reveals a controlled nanometre-scale spin topology, which may be useful in observing unconventional magneto-transport effects.
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Perpendicular switching of a single ferromagnetic layer induced by in-plane current injection
Ioan Mihai Miron,Kevin Garello,Gilles Gaudin,Pierre-Jean Zermatten,Marius V. Costache,Stéphane Auffret,S. Bandiera,Bernard Rodmacq,Alain Schuhl,Pietro Gambardella +9 more
TL;DR: To prove the potential of in-plane current switching for spintronic applications, this work constructs a reprogrammable magnetic switch that can be integrated into non-volatile memory and logic architectures.