Journal ArticleDOI
Disproportional risk for habitat loss of high‐altitude endemic species under climate change
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors show that areas of endemism of five taxonomic groups (vascular plants, snails, spiders, butterflies, and beetles) in the Austrian Alps will, on average, experience a 77% habitat loss even under the weakest climate change scenario (+1.8 °C by 2100).Abstract:
The expected upward shift of trees due to climate warming is supposed to be a major threat to range-restricted high-altitude species by shrinking the area of their suitable habitats. Our projections show that areas of endemism of five taxonomic groups (vascular plants, snails, spiders, butterflies, and beetles) in the Austrian Alps will, on average, experience a 77% habitat loss even under the weakest climate change scenario (+1.8 °C by 2100). The amount of habitat loss is positively related with the pooled endemic species richness (species from all five taxonomic groups) and with the richness of endemic vascular plants, snails, and beetles. Owing to limited postglacial migration, hotspots of high-altitude endemics are situated in rather low peripheral mountain chains of the Alps, which have not been glaciated during the Pleistocene. There, tree line expansion disproportionally reduces habitats of high-altitude species. Such legacies of climate history, which may aggravate extinction risks under future climate change have to be expected for many temperate mountain ranges.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Continent-wide response of mountain vegetation to climate change
Michael Gottfried,Harald Pauli,Andreas Futschik,Maia Akhalkatsi,Peter Barančok,José Luis Benito Alonso,Gheorghe Coldea,Jan Dick,Brigitta Erschbamer,Marı´a Rosa Fernández Calzado,George Kazakis,Ján Krajči,Per Larsson,Martin Mallaun,Ottar Michelsen,Dmitry Moiseev,Pavel Moiseev,Ulf Molau,Abderrahmane Merzouki,Laszlo Nagy,George Nakhutsrishvili,Bård Pedersen,G. Pelino,Mihai Puşcaş,Graziano Rossi,Angela Stanisci,Jean-Paul Theurillat,Marcello Tomaselli,Luis Villar,Pascal Vittoz,Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis,Georg Grabherr +31 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used 867 vegetation samples above the treeline from 60 summit sites in all major European mountain systems to show that ongoing climate change gradually transforms mountain plant communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extinction debt of high-mountain plants under twenty-first-century climate change
Stefan Dullinger,Andreas Gattringer,Wilfried Thuiller,Dietmar Moser,Niklaus E. Zimmermann,Antoine Guisan,Wolfgang Willner,Christoph Plutzar,Michael Leitner,Michael Leitner,Thomas Mang,Marco Caccianiga,Thomas Dirnböck,Siegrun Ertl,Anton Fischer,Jonathan Lenoir,Jonathan Lenoir,Jens-Christian Svenning,Achilleas Psomas,Dirk R. Schmatz,Urban Šilc,Pascal Vittoz,Karl Hülber +22 more
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid model was used to forecast the climate-driven spatio-temporal dynamics of 150 high-mountain plant species across the European Alps, which predicts average range size reductions of 44-50% by the end of the twenty-first century, which is similar to projections from the most optimistic static model.
Journal ArticleDOI
21st century climate change threatens mountain flora unequally across Europe
Robin Engler,Christophe F. Randin,Wilfried Thuiller,Stefan Dullinger,Niklaus E. Zimmermann,Miguel B. Araújo,Miguel B. Araújo,Peter B. Pearman,Gwenaëlle Le Lay,Christian Piedallu,Christian Piedallu,Cécile H. Albert,Philippe Choler,Gheorghe Coldea,Xavier de Lamo,Thomas Dirnböck,Jean-Claude Gégout,Jean-Claude Gégout,Daniel Gómez-García,John-Arvid Grytnes,Einar Heegaard,Fride Høistad,Fride Høistad,David Nogués-Bravo,David Nogués-Bravo,Signe Normand,Mihai Puşcaş,Maria-Teresa Sebastià,Angela Stanisci,Jean-Paul Theurillat,Mandar R. Trivedi,Pascal Vittoz,Antoine Guisan +32 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the impacts of climate change on 2632 plant species across all major European mountain ranges, using high-resolution (ca. 100 m) species samples and data expressing four future climate scenarios.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant Phenotypic Plasticity in Response to Environmental Factors
TL;DR: It is important to identify plant functional traits in which plasticity may play a determinant role in plant response to global change as well as on the ecological consequences at an ecosystem level for the competition between wild and invasive species, considering that species with a greater adaptive Plasticity may be more likely to survive in novel environmental conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward mountains without permanent snow and ice
Matthias Huss,Matthias Huss,Bodo Bookhagen,Christian Huggel,Dean Jacobsen,Raymond S. Bradley,John J. Clague,Mathias Vuille,Wouter Buytaert,Daniel R. Cayan,Gregory B. Greenwood,Bryan G. Mark,Alexander M. Milner,Rolf Weingartner,Monika Winder +14 more
TL;DR: In this article, the impacts of climate change on the alpine cryosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere are quantified and the implications for adaptation to a future of mountains without permanent snow and ice are discussed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities
Norman Myers,Russell A. Mittermeier,Cristina G. Mittermeier,Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,Jennifer Kent +4 more
TL;DR: A ‘silver bullet’ strategy on the part of conservation planners, focusing on ‘biodiversity hotspots’ where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing exceptional loss of habitat, is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Classification and regression trees
TL;DR: This article gives an introduction to the subject of classification and regression trees by reviewing some widely available algorithms and comparing their capabilities, strengths, and weakness in two examples.
Journal ArticleDOI
A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
Camille Parmesan,Gary W. Yohe +1 more
TL;DR: A diagnostic fingerprint of temporal and spatial ‘sign-switching’ responses uniquely predicted by twentieth century climate trends is defined and generates ‘very high confidence’ (as laid down by the IPCC) that climate change is already affecting living systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological responses to recent climate change.
Gian-Reto Walther,Eric Post,Peter Convey,Annette Menzel,Camille Parmesan,Trevor J. C. Beebee,Jean-Marc Fromentin,Ove Hoegh-Guldberg,Franz Bairlein +8 more
TL;DR: A review of the ecological impacts of recent climate change exposes a coherent pattern of ecological change across systems, from polar terrestrial to tropical marine environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100.
Osvaldo E. Sala,F. S. Chapin,Juan J. Armesto,Eric L. Berlow,Janine Bloomfield,Rodolfo Dirzo,E Huber-Sanwald,Laura Foster Huenneke,Robert B. Jackson,Ann P. Kinzig,Rik Leemans,David M. Lodge,Harold A. Mooney,Martín Oesterheld,N L Poff,Martin T. Sykes,Brian Walker,Marilyn D. Walker,Diana H. Wall +18 more
TL;DR: This study identified a ranking of the importance of drivers of change, aranking of the biomes with respect to expected changes, and the major sources of uncertainties in projections of future biodiversity change.
Related Papers (5)
Extinction risk from climate change
Chris D. Thomas,Alison Cameron,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Michel Bakkenes,Linda J. Beaumont,Yvonne C. Collingham,Barend F.N. Erasmus,Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira,Alan Grainger,Lee Hannah,Lesley Hughes,Brian Huntley,Albert S. van Jaarsveld,Guy F. Midgley,Lera Miles,Lera Miles,Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta,A. Townsend Peterson,Oliver L. Phillips,Stephen E. Williams +20 more