Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic events in mammalian germ-cell development: reprogramming and beyond
Hiroyuki Sasaki,Yasuhisa Matsui +1 more
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TLDR
It is shown that epigenetic modifiers have key roles in germ-cell development itself and contributes to the gene-expression programme that is required for germ- cell development, regulation of meiosis and genomic integrity.Abstract:
The epigenetic profile of germ cells, which is defined by modifications of DNA and chromatin, changes dynamically during their development. Many of the changes are associated with the acquisition of the capacity to support post-fertilization development. Our knowledge of this aspect has greatly increased- for example, insights into how the re-establishment of parental imprints is regulated. In addition, an emerging theme from recent studies is that epigenetic modifiers have key roles in germ-cell development itself--for example, epigenetics contributes to the gene-expression programme that is required for germ-cell development, regulation of meiosis and genomic integrity. Understanding epigenetic regulation in germ cells has implications for reproductive engineering technologies and human health.read more
Citations
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Posted ContentDOI
Isolating mitotic and meiotic germ cells from male mice by developmental synchronization, staging, and sorting
TL;DR: The “3S” method can separate germ cell types that were previously challenging or impossible to distinguish, with sufficient yield for epigenetic and biochemical studies, and enable detailed characterization of molecular changes that occur during the mitotic and meiotic phases of spermatogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Great migration: epigenetic reprogramming and germ cell-oocyte metamorphosis determine individual ovarian reserve.
Onder Celik,Banu Kumbak Aygun,Nilufer Celik,Suleyman Aydin,Esra Tustas Haberal,Levent Sahin,Yasemin Yavuz,Sudenaz Celik +7 more
TL;DR: There is significant evidence supporting the possibility of unique individual ovarian reserve if the aim in germ cell specification is to provide an optimal ovarian reserve for the continuity of the generation, then this cascade of events cannot be only accomplished at the same level for every one but also are manifested by several outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetically regulated imprinted genes and foetal programming.
TL;DR: Genomic imprinting is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon in mammals and many imprinted genes are expressed in the developing hypothalamus and placenta, which has been evolutionarily fine-tuned to optimise infant survival.
Book ChapterDOI
Chromatin Modifications in Plants
TL;DR: Two major types of modifications have been described, including the addition of a methyl group to the C5 position of the cytosine ring and the post-translational modifications of various residues in core histones, which can affect gene expression in a mitotically and meiotically stable manner without changing the underlying DNA sequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preferable in vitro condition for maintaining faithful DNA methylation imprinting in mouse embryonic stem cells.
TL;DR: Although DNA methylation imprinting is more labile under KSR with and without 2i, it can be more faithfully maintained under condition of cooperative FBS and 2i and will provide the useful information for improved epigenetic control of ESCs and iPSCs in applications in regenerative medicine.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Bivalent Chromatin Structure Marks Key Developmental Genes in Embryonic Stem Cells
Bradley E. Bernstein,Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,Xiaohui Xie,Michael Kamal,Dana J. Huebert,James Cuff,Ben Fry,Alexander Meissner,Marius Wernig,Kathrin Plath,Rudolf Jaenisch,Alexandre Wagschal,Robert Feil,Stuart L. Schreiber,Stuart L. Schreiber,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander +17 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that bivalent domains silence developmental genes in ES cells while keeping them poised for activation, highlighting the importance of DNA sequence in defining the initial epigenetic landscape and suggesting a novel chromatin-based mechanism for maintaining pluripotency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generation of germline-competent induced pluripotent stem cells
TL;DR: iPS cells competent for germline chimaeras can be obtained from fibroblasts, but retroviral introduction of c-Myc should be avoided for clinical application.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state
Marius Wernig,Alexander Meissner,Ruth K. Foreman,Tobias Brambrink,Manching Ku,Konrad Hochedlinger,Konrad Hochedlinger,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Rudolf Jaenisch +9 more
TL;DR: The results show that the biological potency and epigenetic state of in-vitro-reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells are indistinguishable from those of ES cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic Transgenerational Actions of Endocrine Disruptors and Male Fertility
TL;DR: The ability of an environmental factor to reprogram the germ line and to promote a transgenerational disease state has significant implications for evolutionary biology and disease etiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental epigenomics and disease susceptibility.
TL;DR: An increasing body of evidence from animal studies supports the role of environmental epigenetics in disease susceptibility and recent studies have demonstrated for the first time that heritable environmentally induced epigenetic modifications underlie reversible transgenerational alterations in phenotype.
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