Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic events in mammalian germ-cell development: reprogramming and beyond
Hiroyuki Sasaki,Yasuhisa Matsui +1 more
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TLDR
It is shown that epigenetic modifiers have key roles in germ-cell development itself and contributes to the gene-expression programme that is required for germ- cell development, regulation of meiosis and genomic integrity.Abstract:
The epigenetic profile of germ cells, which is defined by modifications of DNA and chromatin, changes dynamically during their development. Many of the changes are associated with the acquisition of the capacity to support post-fertilization development. Our knowledge of this aspect has greatly increased- for example, insights into how the re-establishment of parental imprints is regulated. In addition, an emerging theme from recent studies is that epigenetic modifiers have key roles in germ-cell development itself--for example, epigenetics contributes to the gene-expression programme that is required for germ-cell development, regulation of meiosis and genomic integrity. Understanding epigenetic regulation in germ cells has implications for reproductive engineering technologies and human health.read more
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Germline specification and function in plants
Frédéric Berger,David Twell +1 more
TL;DR: The flowering plant germline is produced during the haploid gametophytic stage and is marked by production of small RNAs, and recent evidence indicates that this trait might be shared with the plant gamete lineage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assisted reproduction treatment and epigenetic inheritance
A.P.A. Van Montfoort,Lars L. P. Hanssen,P. De Sutter,Stéphane Viville,Joep P.M. Geraedts,L P de Boer +5 more
TL;DR: At the level of genomic imprinting involving CpG methylation, ART-induced epigenetic defects are convincingly observed in mice, especially for placenta, and seem more frequent than in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
microRNAs in heart disease: putative novel therapeutic targets?
TL;DR: The biogenesis and mechanism of action of miRs are outlined, and their relevance to heart biology, pathology, and medicine is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parallel mechanisms of epigenetic reprogramming in the germline
TL;DR: It is proposed that the epigenetic programme in PGCs operates through multiple parallel mechanisms to ensure robustness at the level of individual cells while also being flexible through functional redundancy to guarantee high fidelity of the process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Keeping active endogenous retroviral-like elements in check: the epigenetic perspective.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss epigenetic mechanisms of ERV and LTR retrotransposon control during mouse development, focusing on involvement of DNA methylation, histone modifications, small RNAs and their interaction with one another.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Bivalent Chromatin Structure Marks Key Developmental Genes in Embryonic Stem Cells
Bradley E. Bernstein,Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,Tarjei S. Mikkelsen,Xiaohui Xie,Michael Kamal,Dana J. Huebert,James Cuff,Ben Fry,Alexander Meissner,Marius Wernig,Kathrin Plath,Rudolf Jaenisch,Alexandre Wagschal,Robert Feil,Stuart L. Schreiber,Stuart L. Schreiber,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander +17 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that bivalent domains silence developmental genes in ES cells while keeping them poised for activation, highlighting the importance of DNA sequence in defining the initial epigenetic landscape and suggesting a novel chromatin-based mechanism for maintaining pluripotency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generation of germline-competent induced pluripotent stem cells
TL;DR: iPS cells competent for germline chimaeras can be obtained from fibroblasts, but retroviral introduction of c-Myc should be avoided for clinical application.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state
Marius Wernig,Alexander Meissner,Ruth K. Foreman,Tobias Brambrink,Manching Ku,Konrad Hochedlinger,Konrad Hochedlinger,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Rudolf Jaenisch +9 more
TL;DR: The results show that the biological potency and epigenetic state of in-vitro-reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells are indistinguishable from those of ES cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic Transgenerational Actions of Endocrine Disruptors and Male Fertility
TL;DR: The ability of an environmental factor to reprogram the germ line and to promote a transgenerational disease state has significant implications for evolutionary biology and disease etiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental epigenomics and disease susceptibility.
TL;DR: An increasing body of evidence from animal studies supports the role of environmental epigenetics in disease susceptibility and recent studies have demonstrated for the first time that heritable environmentally induced epigenetic modifications underlie reversible transgenerational alterations in phenotype.
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