Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic regulation of the immune system in health and disease
Juan Luis Fernández-Morera,Vincenzo Calvanese,Sandra Rodríguez-Rodero,Edelmiro Menéndez-Torre,Mario F. Fraga,Mario F. Fraga +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Various aspects of immune system physiology and pathology in which epigenetic pathways have been implicated might form a basis for new strategies of immune function modulation, both to optimize immune therapies for infections or cancer and to control immune alterations in aging or autoimmunity.Abstract:
Epigenetics comprises various mechanisms that mold chromatin structures and regulate gene expression with stability, thus defining cell identity and function and adapting cells to environmental changes. Alteration of these mechanisms contributes to the inception of various pathological conditions. Given the complexity of the immune system, one would predict that a higher-order, supragenetic regulation is indispensable for generation of its constituents and control of its functions. Here, we summarize various aspects of immune system physiology and pathology in which epigenetic pathways have been implicated. Increasing knowledge in this field, together with the development of specific tools with which to manipulate epigenetic pathways, might form a basis for new strategies of immune function modulation, both to optimize immune therapies for infections or cancer and to control immune alterations in aging or autoimmunity.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The epigenetic effects of butyrate: potential therapeutic implications for clinical practice
TL;DR: This review is focused on recent data regarding the epigenetic effects of butyrate with potential clinical implications in human medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
The future of human DNA vaccines.
TL;DR: A final breakthrough in human DNA vaccines will come from application of the latest cutting-edge technologies, including "epigenetics" and "omics" approaches, alongside traditional techniques to improve immunogenicity such as adjuvants and electroporation, thereby overcoming the current limitations of DNA vaccines in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain-reactive IgG correlates with autoimmunity in mothers of a child with an autism spectrum disorder.
TL;DR: Robust evidence is provided that brain-reactive antibodies are increased in mothers of an ASD child and may be associated with autoimmunity and the detailed characterization of the specificity of these antibodies will provide practical benefits for the management and prevention of this disorder.
Book ChapterDOI
The Immune System and Its Dysregulation with Aging.
TL;DR: The contribution of age-related dysregulation of hematopoiesis, required for continuous replenishment of immune cells throughout life, is discussed in this context, as is the developmentally-programmed phenomenon of thymic involution that limits the output of naïve T cells and markedly contributes to differences between younger and older people in the distribution of peripheral blood T-cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms Underlying T Cell Immunosenescence: Aging and Cytomegalovirus Infection.
Wenjuan Tu,Sudha Rao +1 more
TL;DR: The role of both aging and HCMV infection that contribute to the T cell senescence are addressed and the potential molecular mechanisms in aged T cells are discussed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromatin Modifications and Their Function
TL;DR: The surface of nucleosomes is studded with a multiplicity of modifications that can dictate the higher-order chromatin structure in which DNA is packaged and can orchestrate the ordered recruitment of enzyme complexes to manipulate DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory
TL;DR: The heritability of methylation states and the secondary nature of the decision to invite or exclude methylation support the idea that DNA methylation is adapted for a specific cellular memory function in development.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulatory T Cells and Immune Tolerance
TL;DR: The cellular and molecular basis of Treg development and function is revealed and dysregulation of T Regs in immunological disease is implicates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic differences arise during the lifetime of monozygotic twins
Mario F. Fraga,Esteban Ballestar,Maria F. Paz,Santiago Ropero,Fernando Setien,Maria Luisa Ballestar,Damia Heine-Suñer,Juan C. Cigudosa,Miguel Urioste,Javier Benitez,Manuel Boix-Chornet,Abel Sánchez-Aguilera,Charlotte Ling,Emma Carlsson,Pernille Poulsen,Allan Vaag,Zarko Stephan,Tim D. Spector,Yue Zhong Wu,Christoph Plass,Manel Esteller +20 more
TL;DR: Older monozygous twins exhibited remarkable differences in their overall content and genomic distribution of 5-methylcytosine DNA and histone acetylation, affecting their gene-expression portrait, indicating how an appreciation of epigenetics is missing from the understanding of how different phenotypes can be originated from the same genotype.