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Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host–Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanisms

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TLDR
The density of the expression levels of ACE2 in the CNS, the host–virus interaction and relate it to the pathogenesis and complications seen in the recent cases resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak are investigated.
Abstract
The recent outbreak of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has gripped the world with apprehension and has evoked a scare of epic proportion regarding its potential to spread and infect ...

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Citations
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Cerebral Microbleeds Assessment and Quantification in COVID-19 Patients With Neurological Manifestations

TL;DR: CMBs are a frequent imaging finding in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with neurological manifestations and seem to be related to pro-inflammatory status.
Journal ArticleDOI

Role of SARS-CoV-2 in Modifying Neurodegenerative Processes in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review

TL;DR: Under certain pathological circumstances, in vulnerable persons-with-Parkinson’s disease (PwP), SARS-CoV-2 acts as a neurodegenerative enhancer to potentially support the development or progression of PD and its related motor and non-motor symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neuropathogenesis in COVID-19.

TL;DR: Understanding CNS involvement in the disease is especially challenging and current theories of pathogenesis include direct neuroinvasion, crossing of the blood–brain barrier by the virus, and a nicotinic hypothesis.
Posted ContentDOI

Neurological Complications of Pandemic COVID-19: What Have We Got So Far?

TL;DR: The possibility by which SARS-CoV-2 may affect the olfactive system of patients, either directly or indirectly, is discussed, as well as several CNS related features referred by several patients at the beginning of the disease.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation.

TL;DR: The authors show that this protein binds at least 10 times more tightly than the corresponding spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–CoV to their common host cell receptor, and test several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs.
Journal ArticleDOI

The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients

TL;DR: It remains to make clear whether the potential invasion of SARS‐CoV2 is partially responsible for the acute respiratory failure of patients with COVID‐19, which emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and rapidly spreads around the world.
Journal ArticleDOI

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2.

TL;DR: The results show that neurons are a highly susceptible target for SARS-CoV and that only the absence of the host cell receptor prevents severe murine brain disease.
Posted ContentDOI

Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study

TL;DR: In this paper, the neurological manifestations of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were studied in three categories: central nervous system (CNS) symptoms or diseases (headache, dizziness, impaired consciousness, ataxia, acute cerebrovascular disease, and epilepsy), peripheral nervous system symptoms (hypogeusia, hyposmia, hypopsia, and neuralgia), and skeletal muscular symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI

TISSUES 2.0: an integrative web resource on mammalian tissue expression

TL;DR: A database of gene–tissue associations in human, mouse, rat and pig by integrating multiple sources of evidence: transcriptomics covering all four species and proteomics (human only), manually curated and mined from the scientific literature is developed.
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Trending Questions (1)
Where does the ICAM interaction with CVA21 virus occur?

The provided paper does not mention anything about the ICAM interaction with the CVA21 virus. The paper is about the evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS.