Journal ArticleDOI
External forces control mitotic spindle positioning
Jenny Fink,Nicolas Carpi,Timo Betz,Angelique Bétard,Meriem Chebah,Ammar Azioune,Michel Bornens,Cécile Sykes,Luc Fetler,Damien Cuvelier,Matthieu Piel +10 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
It is found that forces applied on the cell body direct spindle orientation during mitosis, and it is proposed that cells divide according to cues provided by their mechanical micro-environment, aligning daughter cells with the external force field.Abstract:
The response of cells to forces is essential for tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. This response has been extensively investigated in interphase cells, but it remains unclear how forces affect dividing cells. We used a combination of micro-manipulation tools on human dividing cells to address the role of physical parameters of the micro-environment in controlling the cell division axis, a key element of tissue morphogenesis. We found that forces applied on the cell body direct spindle orientation during mitosis. We further show that external constraints induce a polarization of dynamic subcortical actin structures that correlate with spindle movements. We propose that cells divide according to cues provided by their mechanical micro-environment, aligning daughter cells with the external force field.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoscale surfaces for the long-term maintenance of mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and multipotency
Rebecca J. McMurray,Nikolaj Gadegaard,P. Monica Tsimbouri,Karl Burgess,Laura E. McNamara,Rahul S. Tare,Kate Murawski,Emmajayne Kingham,Richard O.C. Oreffo,Richard O.C. Oreffo,Matthew J. Dalby +10 more
TL;DR: The study identifies a nanostructured surface that retains stem-cell phenotype and maintains stem- cell growth over eight weeks, and implicates a role for small RNAs in repressing key cell signalling and metabolomic pathways, demonstrating the potential of surfaces as non-invasive tools with which to address the stem cell niche.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular mechanotransduction: From tension to function
TL;DR: A critical review of the recent insights into the molecular basis of cellular mechanotransduction is provided, by analyzing how mechanical stimuli get transformed into a given biological response through the activation of a peculiar genetic program.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Centrosome in Cells and Organisms
TL;DR: The role of the centrosomes in cell polarity, resulting from its ability to position the nucleus at the cell center, is discussed and how centrosome innovation might have been critical during metazoan evolution is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical stress acts via katanin to amplify differences in growth rate between adjacent cells in Arabidopsis.
Magalie Uyttewaal,Agata Burian,Karen Alim,Benoit Landrein,Benoit Landrein,Dorota Borowska-Wykręt,Annick Dedieu,Alexis Peaucelle,Alexis Peaucelle,Michał Ludynia,Jan Traas,Arezki Boudaoud,Arezki Boudaoud,Dorota Kwiatkowska,Olivier Hamant,Olivier Hamant +15 more
TL;DR: It is shown that katanin is required for the cell's competence to respond to the mechanical forces generated by growth, and provides the basis for a model in which microtubule dynamics allow the cell to respond efficiently to mechanical forces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanobiology and developmental control.
TL;DR: Work that has revealed the central role that physical forces and extracellular matrix mechanics play in the control of cell fate switching, pattern formation, and tissue development in the embryo is reviewed and how these same mechanical signals contribute to tissue homeostasis and developmental control throughout adult life is reviewed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions.
Viola Vogel,Michael P. Sheetz +1 more
TL;DR: Tissue scaffolds that have been engineered at the micro- and nanoscale level now enable better dissection of the mechanosensing, transduction and response mechanisms of eukaryotic cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lifeact: a versatile marker to visualize F-actin
Julia Riedl,Alvaro H. Crevenna,Kai Kessenbrock,Jerry Haochen Yu,Dorothee Neukirchen,Michal Bista,Frank Bradke,Dieter E. Jenne,Tad A. Holak,Zena Werb,Michael Sixt,Roland Wedlich-Söldner +11 more
TL;DR: Lifeact, a 17-amino-acid peptide, is described, which stained filamentous actin (F-actin) structures in eukaryotic cells and tissues and in its chemically modified peptide form allowed visualization of actin dynamics in nontransfectable cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Demonstration of mechanical connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nucleoplasm that stabilize nuclear structure
TL;DR: Molecular connections between integrins, cytoskeletal filaments, and nuclear scaffolds may provide a discrete path for mechanical signal transfer through cells as well as a mechanism for producing integrated changes in cell and nuclear structure in response to changes in extracellular matrix adhesivity or mechanics.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Influence of Cell Mechanics, Cell-Cell Interactions, and Proliferation on Epithelial Packing
TL;DR: A vertex model is used for the epithelial junctional network in which cell packing geometries correspond to stable and stationary network configurations and accounts qualitatively and quantitatively for the observed packing geometry in the wing disc and its response to perturbation by laser ablation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The optical stretcher: a novel laser tool to micromanipulate cells.
Jochen Guck,Revathi Ananthakrishnan,Hamid Mahmood,Tessie J Moon,Casey Cunningham,Josef A. Käs +5 more
TL;DR: The magnitude of the deforming forces in the optical stretcher bridges the gap between optical tweezers and atomic force microscopy for the study of biologic materials.