Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic diversity in Sargasso Sea bacterioplankton.
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TLDR
The phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton indicate the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community.Abstract:
BACTERIOPLANKTON are recognized as important agents of biogeochemical change in marine ecosystems, yet relatively little is known about the species that make up these communities. Uncertainties about the genetic structure and diversity of natural bacterioplankton populations stem from the traditional difficulties associated with microbial cultivation techniques. Discrepancies between direct counts and plate counts are typically several orders of magnitude, raising doubts as to whether cultivated marine bacteria are actually representative of dominant planktonic species1–3. We have phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton by the polymerase chain reaction4. The analysis indicates the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community. A second cluster of lineages related to the oxygenic phototrophs—cyanobacteria, prochlorophytes and chloroplasts—was also observed. However, none of the genes matched the small subunit rRNA sequences of cultivated marine cyanobacteria from similar habitats. The diversity of 16S rRNA genes observed within the clusters suggests that these bacterioplankton may be consortia of independent lineages sharing surprisingly distant common ancestors.read more
Citations
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Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA
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Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation.
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Microbial diversity in the deep sea and the underexplored “rare biosphere”
Mitchell L. Sogin,Hilary G. Morrison,Julie A. Huber,David B. Mark Welch,Susan M. Huse,Phillip R. Neal,Jesús M. Arrieta,Gerhard J. Herndl +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that bacterial communities of deep water masses of the North Atlantic and diffuse flow hydrothermal vents are one to two orders of magnitude more complex than previously reported for any microbial environment.
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Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TL;DR: The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.
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Characterization of microbial diversity by determining terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms of genes encoding 16S rRNA.
TL;DR: Computer-simulated analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) for 1,002 eubacterial sequences showed that with proper selection of PCR primers and restriction enzymes, 686 sequences could be PCR amplified and classified into 233 unique terminal restriction fragments lengths or "ribotypes."
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hybrid DNA artifact from PCR of closely related target sequences
TL;DR: It is concluded that hybrid DNA formation may occur when trying to amplify target sequences which are members of of a gene family, or when Trying to characterize each allele from a heterozygous subject, especially during forensic applications in which partially degraded DNA may be used, orWhen trying to characterize a mutant allele causing a defined phenotypic abnormality.
Journal ArticleDOI
A phylogenetic survey of budding, and/or prosthecate, non-phototrophic eubacteria: membership of Hyphomicrobium, Hyphomonas, Pedomicrobium, Filomicrobium, Caulobacter and "dichotomicrobium" to the alpha-subdivision of purple non-sulfur bacteria.
TL;DR: Budding mode of reproduction and prosthecate morphology are dominating morphological features of members of the alpha subdivision of purple bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observations on the Post-Transcriptionally Modified Nucleotides in the 16S Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid
TL;DR: The 16S (18S) ribosomal ribonucleic acids from a number of organisms were screened for the presence of (some of) the post-transcriptionally modified oligomers found in Escherichia coli 16S ribosomes, and one such oligomer was missing in Alcaligenes faecalis.
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