Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic diversity in Sargasso Sea bacterioplankton.
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TLDR
The phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton indicate the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community.Abstract:
BACTERIOPLANKTON are recognized as important agents of biogeochemical change in marine ecosystems, yet relatively little is known about the species that make up these communities. Uncertainties about the genetic structure and diversity of natural bacterioplankton populations stem from the traditional difficulties associated with microbial cultivation techniques. Discrepancies between direct counts and plate counts are typically several orders of magnitude, raising doubts as to whether cultivated marine bacteria are actually representative of dominant planktonic species1–3. We have phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton by the polymerase chain reaction4. The analysis indicates the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community. A second cluster of lineages related to the oxygenic phototrophs—cyanobacteria, prochlorophytes and chloroplasts—was also observed. However, none of the genes matched the small subunit rRNA sequences of cultivated marine cyanobacteria from similar habitats. The diversity of 16S rRNA genes observed within the clusters suggests that these bacterioplankton may be consortia of independent lineages sharing surprisingly distant common ancestors.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Origin and Phylogeny of Microbes Living in Permanent Antarctic Lake Ice.
TL;DR: The lake ice microbial community appears to be dominated by organisms that are not uniquely adapted to the lake ice ecosystem, but instead are species that originate elsewhere in the surrounding region and opportunistically colonize the unusual habitat provided by the sediments suspended in lake ice.
Journal ArticleDOI
16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes for the in situ detection of members of the phylum Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides.
TL;DR: It is concluded that it is difficult to find habitat-specific probes for members of the CFB-phylum and that the design of probes for monophyletic groups should remain the standard approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vertical distribution and temporal variation of marine planktonic archaea in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctica, during early spring
Ramon Massana,Lance T. Taylor,Alison E. Murray,Ke Y. Wu,Wade H. Jeffrey,Wade H. Jeffrey,Edward F. DeLong +6 more
TL;DR: The results verify that planktonic archaea are dynamic and abundant components in marine picoplankton assemblages of the Antarctic Peninsula.
Book ChapterDOI
Ecology and Diversity of Picoeukaryotes
Alexandra Z. Worden,Fabrice Not +1 more
TL;DR: Modern protistan communities are composed of several highlevel taxa, which result from the specifics of endosymbiotic event(s), including the particular organisms involved in the event as well as subsequent evolutionary processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Patterns and governing forces in aquatic microbial communities
Stephen C. Nold,Gabriel Zwart +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that physical and biological forces govern the composition of aquatic microbial communities and result in divergent evolutionary histories of the indigenous microbial species.
References
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DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors
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Randall Keichi Saiki,David H. Gelfand,Susanne Stoffel,Stephen J. Scharf,Russell Higuchi,Glenn Thomas Horn,Kary B. Mullis,Henry A. Erlich +7 more
TL;DR: A thermostable DNA polymerase was used in an in vitro DNA amplification procedure, the polymerase chain reaction, which significantly improves the specificity, yield, sensitivity, and length of products that can be amplified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction.
TL;DR: In this paper, complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) primers and the polymerase chain reaction are used to generate two DNA fragments having overlapping ends, and these fragments are combined in a subsequent 'fusion' reaction in which the overlapping ends anneal, allowing the 3' overlap of each strand to serve as a primer for the three' extension of the complementary strand.
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