Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic diversity in Sargasso Sea bacterioplankton.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton indicate the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community.Abstract:
BACTERIOPLANKTON are recognized as important agents of biogeochemical change in marine ecosystems, yet relatively little is known about the species that make up these communities. Uncertainties about the genetic structure and diversity of natural bacterioplankton populations stem from the traditional difficulties associated with microbial cultivation techniques. Discrepancies between direct counts and plate counts are typically several orders of magnitude, raising doubts as to whether cultivated marine bacteria are actually representative of dominant planktonic species1–3. We have phylogenetically analysed clone libraries of eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes amplified from natural populations of Sargasso Sea picoplankton by the polymerase chain reaction4. The analysis indicates the presence of a novel microbial group, the SAR 11 cluster, which appears to be a significant component of this oligotrophic bacterioplankton community. A second cluster of lineages related to the oxygenic phototrophs—cyanobacteria, prochlorophytes and chloroplasts—was also observed. However, none of the genes matched the small subunit rRNA sequences of cultivated marine cyanobacteria from similar habitats. The diversity of 16S rRNA genes observed within the clusters suggests that these bacterioplankton may be consortia of independent lineages sharing surprisingly distant common ancestors.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular genetic identification of symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae)
Rob Rowan,Dennis A. Powers +1 more
TL;DR: Molecular genehc methods to zooxanthella taxonomy arehed and small ribosomal subunit RNA (ssRNA) genes can be rapidly obtained from small amounts of symbiotic (non-cultured) algae by gene amplification using the polymerase chain reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Frequency of formation of chimeric molecules as a consequence of PCR coamplification of 16S rRNA genes from mixed bacterial genomes.
Grace Y. Wang,Yue Wang +1 more
TL;DR: The level of occurrence of chimeric sequences after 30 cycles of PCR amplification was 32%, and it is shown that PCR-induced chimeras were formed between different rRNA gene copies from the same organism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of diversity and community structure through restriction fragment length polymorphism distribution analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from a microbial mat at an active, hydrothermal vent system, Loihi Seamount, Hawaii.
TL;DR: The cumulative OTU distribution for 48 bacterial 16S rDNA clones demonstrated that the majority of taxa represented in the clone library were detected, a result which is assumed to be an estimate of the diversity of bacteria in the native hydrothermal vent habitat.
Journal ArticleDOI
Composition, uniqueness and variability of the epiphytic bacterial community of the green alga Ulva australis.
Catherine Burke,Torsten Thomas,Matthew R. Lewis,Peter D. Steinberg,Staffan Kjelleberg,Staffan Kjelleberg +5 more
TL;DR: The largest published libraries of near full-length 16S rRNA genes from a marine algal surface allowing for an in-depth assessment of the diversity and phylogenetic profile of the bacterial community on a green Ulvacean alga.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple evolutionary origins of prochlorophytes within the cyanobacterial radiation
TL;DR: The results from 16S ribosomal RNA sequence comparisons indicate that prochlorophytes are polyphyletic within the cyanobacterial radiation, and suggest that none of the known species is specifically related to chloroplasts.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors
TL;DR: A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase
Randall Keichi Saiki,David H. Gelfand,Susanne Stoffel,Stephen J. Scharf,Russell Higuchi,Glenn Thomas Horn,Kary B. Mullis,Henry A. Erlich +7 more
TL;DR: A thermostable DNA polymerase was used in an in vitro DNA amplification procedure, the polymerase chain reaction, which significantly improves the specificity, yield, sensitivity, and length of products that can be amplified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction.
TL;DR: In this paper, complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) primers and the polymerase chain reaction are used to generate two DNA fragments having overlapping ends, and these fragments are combined in a subsequent 'fusion' reaction in which the overlapping ends anneal, allowing the 3' overlap of each strand to serve as a primer for the three' extension of the complementary strand.
Related Papers (5)
Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation.
16S rRNA sequences reveal numerous uncultured microorganisms in a natural community
Environmental Genome Shotgun Sequencing of the Sargasso Sea
J. Craig Venter,Karin A. Remington,John F. Heidelberg,Aaron L. Halpern,Doug Rusch,Jonathan A. Eisen,Dongying Wu,Ian T. Paulsen,Karen E. Nelson,William C. Nelson,Derrick E. Fouts,Samuel Levy,Anthony H. Knap,Michael W. Lomas,Kenneth H. Nealson,Owen White,Jeremy Peterson,Jeff Hoffman,Rachel Parsons,Holly Baden-Tillson,Cynthia Pfannkoch,Yu-Hui Rogers,Hamilton O. Smith +22 more