Journal ArticleDOI
Human milk: a source of more life than we imagine
Prescilla V. Jeurink,J. van Bergenhenegouwen,E. Jiménez,Léon M.J. Knippels,Leónides Fernández,Johan Garssen,Jan Knol,Juan M. Rodríguez,Rosario Martín +8 more
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TLDR
A better understanding of the link between the milk microbiome and health benefit, the potential factors influencing this relationship and whether or not it can be influenced by nutrition is required to open new avenues in the field of pregnancy and lactation.Abstract:
The presence of bacteria in human milk has been acknowledged since the seventies. For a long time, microbiological analysis of human milk was only performed in case of infections and therefore the presence of non-pathogenic bacteria was yet unknown. During the last decades, the use of more sophisticated culture-dependent and -independent techniques, and the steady development of the -omic approaches are opening up the new concept of the ‘milk microbiome’, a complex ecosystem with a greater diversity than previously anticipated. In this review, possible mechanisms by which bacteria can reach the mammary gland (contamination versus active migration) are discussed. In addition, the potential roles of human milk for both infant and maternal health are summarised. A better understanding of the link between the milk microbiome and health benefit, the potential factors influencing this relationship and whether or not it can be influenced by nutrition is required to open new avenues in the field of pregnancy and ...read more
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The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health
Wing Ho Man,Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters,Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters,Debby Bogaert,Debby Bogaert +4 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, biological and functional evidence that support the physiological role of the respiratory microbiota in the maintenance of human health are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The infant microbiome development: mom matters
Noel T. Mueller,Elizabeth Bakacs,Joan Combellick,Zoya Grigoryan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello +4 more
TL;DR: Recent knowledge about the impacts on infant microbiome assembly is reviewed, preventive and restorative strategies to ameliorate the effects of these impacts are discussed, and where research is needed to advance this field and improve the health of future generations are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Next-generation beneficial microbes : The case of Akkermansia muciniphila
TL;DR: It is proposed that microbes and microbiomegnosy, or knowledge of the authors' gut microbiome, can become a novel source of future therapies as plants and its related knowledge have been the source for designing drugs over the last century.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial Changes during Pregnancy, Birth, and Infancy.
TL;DR: The main factors shaping the infant microbiome—modes of delivery, feeding, weaning, and exposure to antibiotics are reviewed, starting to build a broader understanding of healthy vs. abnormal microbial alterations throughout major developmental time-points.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of the gut microbiota in infancy and its impact on health in later life.
Masaru Tanaka,Jiro Nakayama +1 more
TL;DR: Recent findings regarding gut microbiota establishment are summarized, including the importance of various factors related to the development of the immune system and allergic diseases later in life are summarized.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Breast milk: a source of bifidobacteria for infant gut development and maturation?
TL;DR: Breast milk contains bifidobacteria and specific B ifidobacterium species that may promote healthy microbiota development that may predispose to disease later in life.
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Ultrasound imaging of milk ejection in the breast of lactating women.
TL;DR: Ultrasound is an objective, noninvasive technique for detecting milk ejection by observing an increase in milk-duct diameter, but this technique requires an experienced ultrasonographer, adequate imaging time, and surroundings conducive to breastfeeding.
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Cultivation-independent assessment of the bacterial diversity of breast milk among healthy women.
Rocio Martin,Hans G.H.J. Heilig,Erwin G. Zoetendal,Esther Jiménez,Leónides Fernández,Hauke Smidt,Juan M. Rodríguez +6 more
TL;DR: PCR DGGE patterns and clone libraries suggest that each woman had a specific bacterial pattern in her breast milk, and confirm, at the molecular level, that breast milk of healthy women is a source of commensal bacteria to the infant gut.
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Breast-Feeding Lowers the Frequency and Duration of Acute Respiratory Infection and Diarrhea in Infants under Six Months of Age
TL;DR: Protection against ARI is demonstrated as a result of breast-feeding similar to that for diarrhea, i.e., lower incidence and percentage of days ill, and episodes of shorter duration.
Journal ArticleDOI
The commensal microflora of human milk: new perspectives for food bacteriotherapy and probiotics
Rocio Martin,Susana Langa,C. Reviriego,Esther Jiménez,M.L. Marín,Mónica Olivares,Julio Boza,Jesús Gámiz Jiménez,Leónides Fernández,Jordi Xaus,Juan M. Rodríguez +10 more
TL;DR: If the hypothesis that some species may be endogenously delivered from the maternal gut to the mammary gland is verified, it would imply that modulation of the intestinal microflora of mothers can have a direct effect on the health of infants and, therefore, would open new perspectives for bacteriotherapy and probiotics.