Journal ArticleDOI
Location Fingerprinting With Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons
Ramsey Faragher,Robert Harle +1 more
TLDR
This work provides a detailed study of BLE fingerprinting using 19 beacons distributed around a ~600 m2 testbed to position a consumer device, and investigates the choice of key parameters in a BLE positioning system, including beacon density, transmit power, and transmit frequency.Abstract:
The complexity of indoor radio propagation has resulted in location-awareness being derived from empirical fingerprinting techniques, where positioning is performed via a previously-constructed radio map, usually of WiFi signals. The recent introduction of the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio protocol provides new opportunities for indoor location. It supports portable battery-powered beacons that can be easily distributed at low cost, giving it distinct advantages over WiFi. However, its differing use of the radio band brings new challenges too. In this work, we provide a detailed study of BLE fingerprinting using 19 beacons distributed around a $\sim\! 600\ \mbox{m}^2$ testbed to position a consumer device. We demonstrate the high susceptibility of BLE to fast fading, show how to mitigate this, and quantify the true power cost of continuous BLE scanning. We further investigate the choice of key parameters in a BLE positioning system, including beacon density, transmit power, and transmit frequency. We also provide quantitative comparison with WiFi fingerprinting. Our results show advantages to the use of BLE beacons for positioning. For one-shot (push-to-fix) positioning we achieve $30\ \mbox{m}^2$ ), compared to $100\ \mbox{m}^2$ ) and < 8.5 m for an established WiFi network in the same area.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
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Contact Information-Based Indoor Pedestrian Localization Using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed two indoor pedestrian localization methods based on contact information using bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons, namely multilateration and cooperative localization, which can achieve comparable accuracy to existing methods when the attenuation model is accurate.
BLE Indoor Positioning System Using RSSI-based Trilateration.
TL;DR: A system for indoor positioning that uses Bluetooth Low Energy beacons as transmitting nodes with known positions and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) designating the strength of the signal emitted by the nodes with the help of trilateration to establish user’s position in a building with a mobile application is presented.
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GNSS Repeater Based Differential Indoor Positioning With Multi-Epoch Measurements
TL;DR: In this article , a carrier phase measurement based differential indoor positioning method is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy with GNSS repeaters in indoor environments such as an underground parking lot and an enclosed depot.
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Extracting Service Process Models from Location Data
TL;DR: Services are today over 70% of the Gross National Product in most developed countries, and the productivity improvement of services is increasingly important and it relies heavily on a deep understanding of the service processes.
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