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Medicinal mushroom: boon for therapeutic applications

TLDR
The present review focuses on the comprehensive account of the medicinal properties of various medicinal mushrooms, which will further help the researchers to understand the metabolites and find other metabolites from the mushrooms which can be used for the potential development of the drugs to treat various life-threatening diseases.
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low fat content and a trans-isomer of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fibre content, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, sterols, eritadenine and chitosan. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods and drugs. They have outstanding attractive taste, aroma and nutritional value, so are considered as functional food, which means they are beneficial to the body not only in terms of nutrition but also for improved health. Medicinal mushrooms and their extract have a large number of bioactive components called secondary metabolites. The presence of polysaccharide β-glucans or polysaccharide–protein complexes content in mushroom extract have great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, hypocholesteremia, hepatoprotective nature along with anti-aging. The present review focuses on the comprehensive account of the medicinal properties of various medicinal mushrooms. This will further help the researchers to understand the metabolites and find other metabolites as well from the mushrooms which can be used for the potential development of the drugs to treat various life-threatening diseases.

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Journal ArticleDOI

The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical.

TL;DR: Mushroom or ERG consumption seems to provide significant prevention against oxidative stress in a large variety of systems, and it may have value as a nutraceutical and antioxidant more generally.
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Current Prospects of Nutraceuticals: A Review.

TL;DR: An overview of various bioactive ingredients which act as nutraceuticals (carbohydrates, lipids, edible flowers, alkaloids, medicinal plants, etc.) and their role in health benefits has been discussed and further application of nutr pharmaceuticals in various diseases prevention has been also discussed.
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Molecular mechanistic insight of hepatitis B virus mediated hepatocellular carcinoma.

TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms that come from other than HBV endemic places which can be innovative approaches to treat HCC are outlined.
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Immunomodulatory Effects of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Immunoregulatory Products.

TL;DR: The current status of clinical studies on immunomodulatory activities of mushrooms and mushroom products are reviewed and the approaches that have been used in the development and application of bioactive compounds extracted from mushrooms are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

Edible Mushrooms as Functional Ingredients for Development of Healthier and More Sustainable Muscle Foods: A Flexitarian Approach.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of functional ingredients of mushrooms in improving the quality and sensory attributes of nutritionally superior and next-generation healthier muscle food products are also highlighted in this paper.
References
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Journal Article

Crude extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis induce apoptosis in human oral cancer CAL 27 cells through a mitochondria-dependent pathway.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that 50% ethanol crude extract and hot water extracts of ABM were able to induce apoptotic cell death in CAL 27 cells via the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm and activation of caspase-3 in vitro.
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Activities of polysaccharides obtained from Grifola frondosa on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin in mice.

TL;DR: These glucans, acting in the diabetic mice, accelerate recovery of Th2 cell functions, regulate the balance between Th1 cells and Th2 cells, and consequently repress the cytotoxic reaction, while IDDM itself does not show any favorable signs of recovery.
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Auricularia auricular‑judae polysaccharide attenuates lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation

TL;DR: Treatment with AAP significantly improved LPS-induced lung pathological changes, attenuated protein concentration in the BALF, inhibited MPO activity and reduced the MDA level and lung W/D weight ratio, and indicated that AAP has a protective effect on L PS-induced ALI in rats.
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Bioremediation of vegetable and agrowastes by Pleurotus ostreatus: a novel strategy to produce edible mushroom with enhanced yield and nutrition.

TL;DR: Results of this investigation suggest that the vegetable wastes which are generally left to rot in situ in many cities and villages causing outbreak of diseases can be bioremediated by edible mushroom P. ostreatus with added advantage that the authors get edible mushroom fruit body with improved nutrition.
Journal ArticleDOI

Hypoglycemic activity of Grifola frondosa rich in vanadium.

TL;DR: In the fermented mushroom of G.frondosa, vanadium at lower doses in combination with G. frondosa induced significant decreases of the blood glucose and HbA1c levels in hyperglycemic mice.
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