Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Mediated by the Transmembrane Serine Protease TMPRSS2
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It is suggested that a single treatment with camostat is sufficient to block MERS-CoV entry into a well-differentiated lung-derived cell line and cathepsin L in the endosome.Citations
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Human-Based Advanced in vitro Approaches to Investigate Lung Fibrosis and Pulmonary Effects of COVID-19
Mirjam Kiener,Nuria Roldan,Carlos Machahua,Arunima Sengupta,Thomas Geiser,Olivier T. Guenat,Manuela Funke-Chambour,Nina Hobi,Marianna Kruithof-de Julio +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the available lung models for SARS-CoV-2 infection in multicellular systems that recapitulate tissue regeneration and fibrotic remodeling is presented.
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Development of small-molecule viral inhibitors targeting various stages of the life cycle of emerging and re-emerging viruses
TL;DR: The latest progress in the development of small-molecule viral inhibitors against highly pathogenic coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus, Ebola virus, and Zika virus are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diabetes and COVID-19; A Bidirectional Interplay
P. Kazakou,Vaia Lambadiari,Ignatios Ikonomidis,Aikaterini Kountouri,Georgios D. Panagopoulos,Stavros Athanasopoulos,Eleni Korompoki,Ioannis Kalomenidis,Meletios A. Dimopoulos,Asimina Mitrakou +9 more
TL;DR: The potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms between CO VID-19 and glucose dysregulation as well as the effects of antidiabetic treatment in patients with diabetes and COVID-19 are reviewed.
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Molecular mechanism of anti-SARS-CoV2 activity of Ashwagandha-derived withanolides.
Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal,Vipul Kumar,Sukant Garg,Chandru Subramani,Shubhra Agarwal,Jia Wang,Huayue Zhang,Ashish Kaul,Rajkumar Singh Kalra,Sunil C. Kaul,Sudhanshu Vrati,Durai Sundar,Renu Wadhwa +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, withanolide-treated cells showed downregulation of TMPRSS2 expression and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro, suggesting that Ashwagandha may provide a useful resource for COVID-19 treatment.
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An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later
TL;DR: The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first recognized in 2012 and since then has resulted in cases in 23 countries in four continents.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
Ali Moh Zaki,Sander van Boheemen,Theo M. Bestebroer,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Ron A. M. Fouchier +4 more
TL;DR: The clinical picture was remarkably similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 and reminds us that animal coronaviruses can cause severe disease in humans.
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Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
V. Stalin Raj,Huihui Mou,Saskia L. Smits,Dick H. W. Dekkers,Marcel A. Müller,Ronald Dijkman,Doreen Muth,Jeroen Demmers,Ali Moh Zaki,Ron A. M. Fouchier,Volker Thiel,Volker Thiel,Christian Drosten,Peter J. M. Rottier,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Berend Jan Bosch,Bart L. Haagmans +16 more
TL;DR: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4; also known as CD26) is identified as a functional receptor for hCoV-EMC and will contribute critically to the understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of this emerging human coronavirus, and may facilitate the development of intervention strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group.
Raoul J. de Groot,Susan C. Baker,Ralph S. Baric,Caroline Brown,Christian Drosten,Luis Enjuanes,Ron A. M. Fouchier,Monica Galiano,Alexander E. Gorbalenya,Ziad A. Memish,Stanley Perlman,Leo L.M. Poon,Eric J. Snijder,Gwen Stephens,Patrick C. Y. Woo,Ali Moh Zaki,Maria Zambon,John Ziebuhr +17 more
TL;DR: During the summer of 2012, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a hitherto unknown coronavirus was isolated from the sputum of a patient with acute pneumonia and renal failure and was provisionally called human coronav virus Erasmus Medical Center (EMC).
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2
TL;DR: This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Transmembrane Serine Protease Is Linked to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor and Activates Virus Entry
Ana Shulla,Taylor Heald-Sargent,Gitanjali Subramanya,Jincun Zhao,Stanley Perlman,Tom Gallagher +5 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that a cell surface complex comprising a primary receptor and a separate endoprotease operates as a portal for activation of SARS-CoV cell entry.