Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Mediated by the Transmembrane Serine Protease TMPRSS2
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It is suggested that a single treatment with camostat is sufficient to block MERS-CoV entry into a well-differentiated lung-derived cell line and cathepsin L in the endosome.Citations
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Kinase Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutic Agents in the Treatment of COVID-19
TL;DR: In this article , the authors identify licensed kinase inhibitors that have the ability to reduce the virus's life cycle, from entrance through viral propagation from cell to cell, including imatinib, ruxolitinib, silmitasertib, and tofacitinib.
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Targeting host cell proteases as a potential treatment strategy to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract.
Ismail Amr El-Shimy,Ismail Amr El-Shimy,Mahmoud M. A. Mohamed,Syed Shahzad Hasan,Muhammad Abdul Hadi +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, two therapeutic modalities are proposed to tackle SARS-CoV-2 infections; the first is to transcriptionally modulate the expression of cellular proteases and their endogenous inhibitors and the second is to directly inhibit their enzymatic activity.
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Drug repurposing against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review.
Lianxiang Luo,Qin Qiu,Fangfang Huang,Kaifeng Liu,Yongqi Lan,Xiaoling Li,Yuge Huang,Liao Cui,Hui Luo +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize the current status of the application of drug repurposing in COVID-19, including drug re-purposing based on virtual computer screening, network pharmacology, and bioactivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural modeling and analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 cell entry inhibitor camostat bound to the trypsin-like protease TMPRSS2.
TL;DR: Based on structural data derived from X-ray crystallographic data of related trypsin-like proteases, a homology model of TMPRSS2 was described and validated using the broad spectrum COVID-19 drug candidate camostat as a probe as mentioned in this paper.
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Kallikrein 13: a new player in coronaviral infections.
Aleksandra Milewska,Katherine Falkowski,Magdalena Kalinska,Ewa Bielecka,Antonina Naskalska,Paweł Mak,Adam Lesner,Marek Ochman,Maciej Urlik,Jan Potempa,Jan Potempa,Tomasz Kantyka,Tomasz Kantyka,Krzysztof Pyrc +13 more
TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that protease distribution and specificity predetermines the tissue and cell specificity of the virus and may also regulate interspecies transmission.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
Ali Moh Zaki,Sander van Boheemen,Theo M. Bestebroer,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Ron A. M. Fouchier +4 more
TL;DR: The clinical picture was remarkably similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 and reminds us that animal coronaviruses can cause severe disease in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
V. Stalin Raj,Huihui Mou,Saskia L. Smits,Dick H. W. Dekkers,Marcel A. Müller,Ronald Dijkman,Doreen Muth,Jeroen Demmers,Ali Moh Zaki,Ron A. M. Fouchier,Volker Thiel,Volker Thiel,Christian Drosten,Peter J. M. Rottier,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Berend Jan Bosch,Bart L. Haagmans +16 more
TL;DR: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4; also known as CD26) is identified as a functional receptor for hCoV-EMC and will contribute critically to the understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of this emerging human coronavirus, and may facilitate the development of intervention strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group.
Raoul J. de Groot,Susan C. Baker,Ralph S. Baric,Caroline Brown,Christian Drosten,Luis Enjuanes,Ron A. M. Fouchier,Monica Galiano,Alexander E. Gorbalenya,Ziad A. Memish,Stanley Perlman,Leo L.M. Poon,Eric J. Snijder,Gwen Stephens,Patrick C. Y. Woo,Ali Moh Zaki,Maria Zambon,John Ziebuhr +17 more
TL;DR: During the summer of 2012, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a hitherto unknown coronavirus was isolated from the sputum of a patient with acute pneumonia and renal failure and was provisionally called human coronav virus Erasmus Medical Center (EMC).
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2
TL;DR: This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Transmembrane Serine Protease Is Linked to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor and Activates Virus Entry
Ana Shulla,Taylor Heald-Sargent,Gitanjali Subramanya,Jincun Zhao,Stanley Perlman,Tom Gallagher +5 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that a cell surface complex comprising a primary receptor and a separate endoprotease operates as a portal for activation of SARS-CoV cell entry.