Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular diversity of glutamate receptors and implications for brain function.
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TLDR
The molecular and functional diversity of the glutamate receptors is reviewed and their implications for integrative brain function are discussed.Abstract:
The glutamate receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the brain and are important in memory acquisition, learning, and some neurodegenerative disorders. This receptor family is classified in three groups: the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA)-kainate, and metabotropic receptors. Recent molecular studies have shown that many receptor subtypes exist in all three groups of the receptors and exhibit heterogeneity in function and expression patterns. This article reviews the molecular and functional diversity of the glutamate receptors and discusses their implications for integrative brain function.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Role of glutamate receptors and glial cells in the pathophysiology of treatment-resistant depression.
Yong Ku Kim,Kyoung-Sae Na +1 more
TL;DR: Although much research has focused on ketamine as an alternative antidepressant for TRD, its long-lasting effectiveness and adverse events have not been rigorously demonstrated and more investigations for ketamine and other novel glutamatergic agents are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor NR2 Subunit Selectivity of a Series of Novel Piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylate Derivatives: Preferential Blockade of Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors in the Rat Hippocampal CA3-CA1 Synapse
Blaise M. Costa,Bihua Feng,Bihua Feng,Timur Tsintsadze,Richard M. Morley,Mark W. Irvine,Vera Tsintsadze,Natalia Lozovaya,David E. Jane,Daniel T. Monaghan +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a series of PPDA derivatives were synthesized and then tested at recombinant NMDA receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and Schild analysis indicates that these two compounds are competitive glutamate binding site antagonists.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular localization and laminar distribution of NMDAR1 mRNA in the rat cerebral cortex.
TL;DR: Investigation of cellular localization and laminar distribution of NMDAR1 mRNA in the cerebral cortex of adult rats by in situ hybridization histochemistry with a 35S‐labeled cRNA probe finds that virtually all astrocytes do not contain this transcript.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of glutamate in physical dependence on opioids.
TL;DR: The authors evaluated the interactions between κ-opioid receptors and glutamate within the locus coeruleus (LC) during the development of opioid dependence and on expression of withdrawal from dependence on opioids.
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G protein-coupled receptors: the evolution of structural insight.
TL;DR: A comprehensive list and comparative analysis of over 180 individual GPCR structures was presented in this article, including a summary of different GPCRs functional states crystallized with different types of drugs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Heteromeric NMDA receptors: Molecular and functional distinction of subtypes
Hannah Monyer,Rolf Sprengel,Ralf Schoepfer,Anne Herb,Miyoko Higuchi,Hilda Lomelí,Nail Burnashev,Bert Sakmann,Peter H. Seeburg +8 more
TL;DR: Molecular cloning identified three complementary DNA species of rat brain, encoding NMDA receptor subunits NMDAR2A (NR2A), NR2B, and NR2C, which are 55 to 70% ientical in sequence, and these are structurally related, with less than 20% sequence identity, to other excitatory amino acid receptor sub Units.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors: Their Classes, Pharmacology, and Distinct Properties in the Function of the Central Nervous System
TL;DR: 'The following abbreviations have been used in the text'; I3-N-uxalyl-L-a,l3diaminu-prupiunic acid; ACPD, Trans-l-aminu-cydupentyl-I,3-dicarbuxylate; AMPA, a aminU-3-hydruxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionate; AP4, 2-
Journal ArticleDOI
Excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease
Brian S. Meldrum,John Garthwaite +1 more
TL;DR: In vivo and in vitro studies of the cytotoxicity of amino acids are reviewed and the contribution of such toxicity to acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular cloning and characterization of the rat NMDA receptor
Koki Moriyoshi,Masayuki Masu,Takahiro Ishii,Ryuichi Shigemoto,Noboru Mizuno,Shigetada Nakanishi +5 more
TL;DR: A complementary DNA encoding the rat NMDA receptor has been cloned and characterized and it has been found that this protein has a significant sequence similarity to the AMPA/kainate receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ca2+ permeability of KA-AMPA--gated glutamate receptor channels depends on subunit composition
TL;DR: In neurons expressing certain KA-AMPA receptor subunits, glutamate may trigger calcium-dependent intracellular events by activating non-NMDA receptors.