Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular diversity of glutamate receptors and implications for brain function.
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TLDR
The molecular and functional diversity of the glutamate receptors is reviewed and their implications for integrative brain function are discussed.Abstract:
The glutamate receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the brain and are important in memory acquisition, learning, and some neurodegenerative disorders. This receptor family is classified in three groups: the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA)-kainate, and metabotropic receptors. Recent molecular studies have shown that many receptor subtypes exist in all three groups of the receptors and exhibit heterogeneity in function and expression patterns. This article reviews the molecular and functional diversity of the glutamate receptors and discusses their implications for integrative brain function.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Perisynaptic Location of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors mGluR1 and mGluR5 on Dendrites and Dendritic Spines in the Rat Hippocampus
Rafael Luján,Zoltan Nusser,J. D. B. Roberts,Ryuichi Shigemoto,Ryuichi Shigemoto,Peter Somogyi +5 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that glutamatergic synapses with an irregular edge develop in order to increase the circumference of synaptic junctions leading to an increase in the metabotropic to ionotropic glutamate receptor ratio at glutamate release sites.
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Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
TL;DR: Mechanisms for the involvement of the NMDA receptor complex and its interaction with polyamines in the pathogenesis of AD are discussed andNMDA receptor antagonists have potential for the therapeutic amelioration of AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paradigm shift in neuroprotection by NMDA receptor blockade: Memantine and beyond
TL;DR: The molecular basis for memantine efficacy in neurological diseases that are mediated, at least in part, by overactivation of NMDARs, producing excessive Ca2+ influx through the receptor's associated ion channel and consequent free-radical formation is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calcium Influx via the NMDA Receptor Induces Immediate Early Gene Transcription by a MAP Kinase/ERK-Dependent Mechanism
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the transcription factors serum response factor (SRF) and Elk-1 can mediate glutamate induction of transcription through the SRE in cortical neurons, suggesting that SRF, Elk, and ERKs may have important roles in neuroplasticity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Putative Mammalian Taste Receptors: A Class of Taste-Specific GPCRs with Distinct Topographic Selectivity
Mark A. Hoon,Elliot Adler,Jürgen Lindemeier,James F. Battey,Nicholas J. P. Ryba,Charles S. Zuker +5 more
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of two novel seven-transmembrane domain proteins expressed in topographically distinct subpopulations of taste receptor cells and taste buds are reported and it is proposed that these genes encode taste receptors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Heteromeric NMDA receptors: Molecular and functional distinction of subtypes
Hannah Monyer,Rolf Sprengel,Ralf Schoepfer,Anne Herb,Miyoko Higuchi,Hilda Lomelí,Nail Burnashev,Bert Sakmann,Peter H. Seeburg +8 more
TL;DR: Molecular cloning identified three complementary DNA species of rat brain, encoding NMDA receptor subunits NMDAR2A (NR2A), NR2B, and NR2C, which are 55 to 70% ientical in sequence, and these are structurally related, with less than 20% sequence identity, to other excitatory amino acid receptor sub Units.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors: Their Classes, Pharmacology, and Distinct Properties in the Function of the Central Nervous System
TL;DR: 'The following abbreviations have been used in the text'; I3-N-uxalyl-L-a,l3diaminu-prupiunic acid; ACPD, Trans-l-aminu-cydupentyl-I,3-dicarbuxylate; AMPA, a aminU-3-hydruxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionate; AP4, 2-
Journal ArticleDOI
Excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease
Brian S. Meldrum,John Garthwaite +1 more
TL;DR: In vivo and in vitro studies of the cytotoxicity of amino acids are reviewed and the contribution of such toxicity to acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular cloning and characterization of the rat NMDA receptor
Koki Moriyoshi,Masayuki Masu,Takahiro Ishii,Ryuichi Shigemoto,Noboru Mizuno,Shigetada Nakanishi +5 more
TL;DR: A complementary DNA encoding the rat NMDA receptor has been cloned and characterized and it has been found that this protein has a significant sequence similarity to the AMPA/kainate receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ca2+ permeability of KA-AMPA--gated glutamate receptor channels depends on subunit composition
TL;DR: In neurons expressing certain KA-AMPA receptor subunits, glutamate may trigger calcium-dependent intracellular events by activating non-NMDA receptors.