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Myocardial strain measurement with 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography: definition of normal range.

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TLDR
This multicenter study of nearly 250 volunteers without evidence of cardiovascular disease showed an average LV peak systolic strain of -18.6 +/- 0.1% and there was significant segmental variation of regional strain to necessitate the use of site-specific normal ranges.
Abstract
The interpretation of wall motion is an important component of echocardiography but remains a source of variation between observers. It has been believed that automated quantification of left ventricular (LV) systolic function by measurement of LV systolic strain from speckle-tracking echocardiography might be helpful. This multicenter study of nearly 250 volunteers without evidence of cardiovascular disease showed an average LV peak systolic strain of −18.6 ± 0.1%. Although strain was influenced by weight, blood pressure, and heart rate, these features accounted for only 16% of variance. However, there was significant segmental variation of regional strain to necessitate the use of site-specific normal ranges.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Global longitudinal strain is a more reproducible measure of left ventricular function than ejection fraction regardless of echocardiographic training

TL;DR: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle tracking echocardiography is a more reproducible method for evaluation of LV function than LVEF regardless of e chocardiographic training.
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Age- and sex-based reference limits and clinical correlates of myocardial strain and synchrony: the Framingham Heart Study.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed speckle-tracking-based echocardiographic measures of left ventricular myocardial strain and synchrony in healthy adults (n=739, mean age 63 years, 64% women) without cardiovascular disease.
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Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction by echocardiographic speckle-tracking strain analysis relates to outcome in sarcoidosis.

TL;DR: Using LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), an emerging sensitive parameter of LV function, the prevalence of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in sarcoidosis is evaluated and whether LVGLS predicts adverse outcomes in this population is investigated.
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Ultrasonographic strain imaging is superior to conventional non-invasive measures of vascular stiffness in the detection of age-dependent differences in the mechanical properties of the common carotid artery.

TL;DR: Ulasonographic 2D-strain imaging is a sensitive method for the assessment of elastic properties in the CCA, being in this respect superior to the conventional measures of vascular stiffness and has potential to become a valuable non-invasive tool in the detection of early atherosclerotic vascular changes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Two-dimensional strain-a novel software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the feasibility of 2D strain, a software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function, which is based on the estimation that a discrete set of tissue velocities are present per each of many small elements on the ultrasound image.
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Quantitative assessment of intrinsic regional myocardial deformation by Doppler strain rate echocardiography in humans. Validation against three-dimensional tagged magnetic resonance imaging

TL;DR: The present study demonstrates the ability of Doppler echocardiography to measure myocardial strains in a clinical setting and may represent a new powerful method for quantifying left ventricular function noninvasively in humans.
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Can natural strain and strain rate quantify regional myocardial deformation? A study in healthy subjects

TL;DR: SR/epsilon imaging appears to be a robust technique for quantifying regional myocardial deformation, and values describing radial deformation were higher than the corresponding SR/ep silon values obtained for longitudinal deformation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Noninvasive quantification of regional myocardial function using Doppler-derived velocity, displacement, strain rate, and strain in healthy volunteers: effects of aging

TL;DR: Although myocardial velocities and strain rate showed significant dependence on age, displacement and peak systolic strain measures were less affected, and Doppler tissue echocardiography measurements showed a strong dependence on wall segment position.
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