Reconstruction of the Origin of a Neo-Y Sex Chromosome and Its Evolution in the Spotted Knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus.
Ming Li,Rui Zhang,Guangyi Fan,Wenteng Xu,Qian Zhou,Lei Wang,Wensheng Li,Zunfang Pang,Mengjun Yu,Qun Liu,Xin Liu,Manfred Schartl,Manfred Schartl,Songlin Chen +13 more
TLDR
In this paper, the male and female genomes at the chromosome level of the spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus), which has a cytogenetically recognized neo-Y chromosome, were assembled and annotation of all three sex chromosomes allowed to reconstruct their evolutionary history.Abstract:
Sex chromosomes are a peculiar constituent of the genome because the evolutionary forces that fix the primary sex-determining gene cause genic degeneration and accumulation of junk DNA in the heterogametic partner. One of the most spectacular phenomena in sex chromosome evolution is the occurrence of neo-Y chromosomes, which lead to X1X2Y sex-determining systems. Such neo-sex chromosomes are critical for understanding the processes of sex chromosome evolution because they rejuvenate their total gene content. We assembled the male and female genomes at the chromosome level of the spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus), which has a cytogenetically recognized neo-Y chromosome. The full assembly and annotation of all three sex chromosomes allowed us to reconstruct their evolutionary history. Contrary to other neo-Y chromosomes, the fusion to X2 is quite ancient, estimated at 48 Ma. Despite its old age and being even older in the X1 homologous region which carries a huge inversion that occurred as early as 55-48 Ma, genetic degeneration of the neo-Y appears to be only moderate. Transcriptomic analysis showed that sex chromosomes harbor 87 genes, which may serve important functions in the testis. The accumulation of such male-beneficial genes, a large inversion on the X1 homologous region and fusion to X2 appear to be the main drivers of neo-Y evolution in the spotted knifejaw. The availability of high-quality assemblies of the neo-Y and both X chromosomes make this fish an ideal model for a better understanding of the variability of sex determination mechanisms and of sex chromosome evolution.read more
Citations
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Sex determination mechanisms and sex control approaches in aquaculture animals
TL;DR: This work synthesizes current knowledge of sex determination mechanisms, sex chromosome evolution, reproduction strategies, and sexual dimorphism, and also reviews several approaches for sex control in aquaculture animals, including artificial gynogenesis, application of sex-specific or sex chromosome-linked markers, artificial sex reversal, as well as gene editing.
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Origin and chromatin remodeling of young X/Y sex chromosomes in catfish with sexual plasticity
Gaorui Gong,Yang Xiong,Shijun Xiao,Xiyang Li,Peipei Huang,Qian Liao,Qingqing Han,Qiaohong Lin,Cheng Dan,Li Zhou,Fan Ren,Qi Zhou,Jian Gu,Jie Mei +13 more
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper found that the Y chromosome was at a very early stage of differentiation and no clear evidence of evolutionary strata and classical structure features of recombination suppression for a rather late stage of Y-chromosome evolution were observed.
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Sex-Specific Genomic Region Identification and Molecular Sex Marker Development of Rock Bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus)
TL;DR: An insight is given into the mechanism of sex determination in O. fasciatus, and the gender marker is crucial both for future genomic research and for development of efficient and sustainable aquaculture practice.
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The chromosome‐level genome assembly of the Japanese yellowtail jack Seriola aureovittata provides insights into genome evolution and efficient oxygen transport
TL;DR: Genome evolution analysis showed that many genes related to fatty acid metabolism and oxygen binding, or transport were expanded, which provided insights into the metabolic characteristics of fatty acids and efficient oxygen transport.
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Slower-X: reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used the diffusion approximation to infer substitution rates of beneficial and deleterious mutations under a scenario where new beneficial mutations are recessive (the "faster-X effect") largely because these mutations are immediately exposed to selection in males.
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