Regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatases by reversible oxidation
TLDR
The role of PTP oxidation for physiological signalling processes as well as in different pathologies is described on the basis of well-investigated examples and criteria to establish the causal involvement of P TP oxidation in a given process are proposed.Abstract:
Oxidation of the catalytic cysteine of protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), which leads to their reversible inactivation, has emerged as an important regulatory mechanism linking cellular tyrosine phosphorylation and signalling by reactive-oxygen or -nitrogen species (ROS, RNS). This review focuses on recent findings about the involved pathways, enzymes and biochemical mechanisms. Both the general cellular redox state and extracellular ligand-stimulated ROS production can cause PTP oxidation. Members of the PTP family differ in their intrinsic susceptibility to oxidation, and different types of oxidative modification of the PTP catalytic cysteine can occur. The role of PTP oxidation for physiological signalling processes as well as in different pathologies is described on the basis of well-investigated examples. Criteria to establish the causal involvement of PTP oxidation in a given process are proposed. A better understanding of mechanisms leading to selective PTP oxidation in a cellular context, and finding ways to pharmacologically modulate these pathways are important topics for future research.read more
Citations
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Oncogenic Tyrosine Phosphatases: Novel Therapeutic Targets for Melanoma Treatment.
Elisa Pardella,Erica Pranzini,Angela Leo,Maria Letizia Taddei,Paolo De Paoli,Giovanni Raugei +5 more
TL;DR: It is illustrated how the oncogenic PTPs contributing to melanoma progression could be applied to target both cancer cells and the immune infiltrate of tumors, providing a new promising adjuvant therapy for the treatment of melanoma.
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Finding MEMO-Emerging Evidence for MEMO1's Function in Development and Disease.
TL;DR: The current understanding of this ‘enigmatic’ molecule, its role in development and disease and open questions emerging from these previous studies are reviewed.
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Differential oxidation of protein-tyrosine phosphatases during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration
Wei Wu,Alexander James Hale,Alexander James Hale,Simone Lemeer,Jeroen den Hertog,Jeroen den Hertog +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PTPs are differentially oxidized in response to caudal fin amputation and that there is a differential requirement for P TPs in regeneration, which is essential for regeneration in zebrafish.
Book ChapterDOI
Cooperative Interactions Between NO and H2S: Chemistry, Biology, Physiology, Pathophysiology
Christopher G. Kevil,Miriam M. Cortese-Krott,Péter Nagy,Andreas Papapetropoulos,Martin Feelisch,Csaba Szabó +5 more
TL;DR: These reactions with sulfide are proposed to be of fundamental significance for NO signaling by modulating its bioactivity via conversion to new chemical entities with properties distinct from those of NO.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inactivation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases by Peracids Correlates with the Hydrocarbon Chain Length.
Alicja Kuban-Jankowska,Magdalena M. Gorska,Jack A. Tuszynski,Cassandra D. M. Churchill,Philip Winter,Mariusz Klobukowski,Michal Wozniak +6 more
TL;DR: Peracids are potent inhibitors of PTPs with the strongest inhibitory effect observed for medium-chain peracids, which correlates with calculated binding affinities to the CD45 active site.
References
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TL;DR: This review examines how target selectivity and antioxidant effectiveness vary for different oxidants and highlights areas where greater understanding is required on the fate of oxidants generated by cellular NADPH oxidases and on the identification of oxidant sensors in cell signaling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in the Human Genome
Andres Alonso,Joanna Sasin,Nunzio Bottini,Ilan Friedberg,Iddo Friedberg,Andrei L. Osterman,Adam Godzik,Tony Hunter,Jack E. Dixon,Tomas Mustelin +9 more
TL;DR: The set of 107 genes in the human genome that encode members of the four protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) families are presented and the role of these enzymes in human disease will be discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive Oxygen Species Promote TNFα-Induced Death and Sustained JNK Activation by Inhibiting MAP Kinase Phosphatases
TL;DR: It is shown that TNFalpha-induced ROS, whose accumulation is suppressed by mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, cause oxidation and inhibition of JNK-inactivating phosphatases by converting their catalytic cysteine to sulfenic acid, which results in sustained JNK activation, which is required for cytochrome c release and caspase 3 cleavage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protein tyrosine phosphatases: from genes, to function, to disease
TL;DR: Recent breakthroughs in understanding of the role of the PTPs in the regulation of signal transduction and the aetiology of human disease are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing and Signaling
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms by which hydrogen peroxide is sensed and the increasing evidence that antioxidant enzymes play multiple, key roles as sensors and regulators of signal transduction in response to hydrogen peroxy are discussed.