Reward circuitry responsivity to food predicts future increases in body mass: moderating effects of DRD2 and DRD4.
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TLDR
This novel prospective fMRI study indicates that responsivity of reward circuitry to food increases risk for future weight gain, but that genes that impact dopamine signaling capacity moderate the predictive effects, suggesting two qualitatively distinct pathways to unhealthy weight gain based on genetic risk.About:
This article is published in NeuroImage.The article was published on 2010-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 311 citations till now.read more
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Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications
TL;DR: Functional neuroimaging studies conducted in the past decade that have expanded the understanding of the involvement of the PFC in drug addiction are focused on.
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A Heuristic for Developing Transdiagnostic Models of Psychopathology Explaining Multifinality and Divergent Trajectories
TL;DR: This article proposes a heuristic for developing transdiagnostic models that can guide theorists in explicating how a trans Diagnostic risk factor results in both multifinality and divergent trajectories and illustrates this heuristic using research on rumination.
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Reward mechanisms in obesity: new insights and future directions.
TL;DR: Recent advances in the understanding of the brain circuitries that regulate hedonic aspects of feeding behavior will be reviewed and emerging evidence suggesting that obesity and drug addiction may share commonHedonic mechanisms will also be considered.
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Body mass correlates inversely with inhibitory control in response to food among adolescent girls: an fMRI study.
TL;DR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to investigate neural activations during a food-specific go/no-go task in adolescent girls ranging from lean to obese and suggests that hypofunctioning of inhibitory control regions and increased response of food reward regions are related to elevated weight.
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Prediction as a Humanitarian and Pragmatic Contribution from Human Cognitive Neuroscience
John D. E. Gabrieli,John D. E. Gabrieli,Satrajit S. Ghosh,Satrajit S. Ghosh,Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli +4 more
TL;DR: Findings in which initial brain measures are correlated with or predict future education, learning, and performance in children and adults; criminality; health-related behaviors; and responses to pharmacological or behavioral treatments are reviewed.
References
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Relationships between the taqI polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor and blood pressure in hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic Chinese subjects.
TL;DR: An association of the A2 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) TaqI polymorphism with increased blood pressure in normoglycaemic Chinese subjects, but conversely possibly with decreased indices of obesity is reported.
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Dopamine D2 receptors and transporters in type 1 and 2 alcoholics measured with human whole hemisphere autoradiography.
Erkki Tupala,Håkan Hall,Kim A. Bergström,Tuija Mantere,Pirkko Räsänen,Terttu Särkioja,Jari Tiihonen,Jari Tiihonen +7 more
TL;DR: The results show that these two subgroups of alcoholics have stark differences in their DA D2 receptor binding characteristics, and type 2 alcoholics may have selective deficiency in the dorsal striatum, whereas in limbic structures they may not differ significantly from controls.
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Body Mass, DRD4, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Family Socioeconomic Status: The Add Health Study
TL;DR: The joint role of the 48‐base pair repeat polymorphism of the dopamine receptor 4 gene (DRD4) and environmental factors in body mass variation among an ethnically diverse sample of U.S. adolescents and young adults is investigated.
Journal Article
The taq IA and Ser311Cys polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and obesity
A Southon,Ken Walder,Andrew Sanigorski,Paul Zimmet,Geoffrey C. Nicholson,Mark A. Kotowicz,Gregory Collier +6 more
TL;DR: The Taq IA and Ser311Cys polymorphisms in the DRD2 gene are unlikely to be common causes of obesity in these populations and Haplotype frequencies of these polymorphisms did not differ between leanest and heaviest groups.
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Effect of prostaglandins on parasympathetic neurons in the rat lumbosacral spinal cord.
TL;DR: Results indicate that PGE2 acting via EP1 and/or EP4 receptors modulates the excitability and/ or excitatory synaptic input to tonic parasympathetic preganglionic neurons.