Reward circuitry responsivity to food predicts future increases in body mass: moderating effects of DRD2 and DRD4.
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TLDR
This novel prospective fMRI study indicates that responsivity of reward circuitry to food increases risk for future weight gain, but that genes that impact dopamine signaling capacity moderate the predictive effects, suggesting two qualitatively distinct pathways to unhealthy weight gain based on genetic risk.About:
This article is published in NeuroImage.The article was published on 2010-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 311 citations till now.read more
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Youth at risk for obesity show greater activation of striatal and somatosensory regions to food
TL;DR: Data indicate that youth at risk for obesity show elevated reward circuitry responsivity in general, coupled with elevated somatosensory region responsivity to food, which may lead to overeating that produces blunted dopamine signaling and elevated responsivityto food cues.
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The Relationship between Executive Function and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review
TL;DR: Adolescents with higher BMI had a strong association with neurostructural deficits evident in the OFC and future research should be longitudinal and use a uniform method of EF measurement to better establish causality between EF and obesity and consequently direct future intervention strategies.
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Mood, food, and obesity
TL;DR: An overview of complex nature of food intake where various biological factors link mood, food intake, and brain signaling that engages both peripheral and central nervous system signaling pathways in a bi-directional manner in obesity is provided.
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Reward circuitry function in autism spectrum disorders
Gabriel S. Dichter,Jennifer N. Felder,Steven R. Green,Alison Rittenberg,Noah J. Sasson,James W. Bodfish +5 more
TL;DR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to assess blood-oxygen level-dependent activation during reward anticipation and outcomes in 15 participants with an ASD and 16 matched control participants and suggests that ASDs are characterized by reward-circuitry hypoactivation in response to monetary incentives but not in Response to autism-relevant object images.
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Impulsivity and inhibitory control deficits are associated with unhealthy eating in young adults
Agnes J. Jasinska,Marie Yasuda,Charles F. Burant,Nicolette Gregor,Sara Khatri,Matthew C. Sweet,Emily B. Falk +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that impulsivity and inhibitory control deficits are positively associated with several facets of unhealthy eating, including overeating in response to external food cues and in Response to negative emotional states, and making food choices based on taste preferences without consideration of health value.
References
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Book
Applied Linear Statistical Models
TL;DR: Applied Linear Statistical Models 5e as discussed by the authors is the leading authoritative text and reference on statistical modeling, which includes brief introductory and review material, and then proceeds through regression and modeling for the first half, and through ANOVA and Experimental Design in the second half.
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Applied Linear Statistical Models
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Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited--again.
Keith J. Worsley,Karl J. Friston +1 more
TL;DR: Correct results are presented that replace those of the previous paper and solve the same problem without recourse to heuristic arguments and a proper and unbiased estimator for the error terms are introduced.
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Brain dopamine and obesity.
Gene-Jack Wang,Gene-Jack Wang,Nora D. Volkow,Nora D. Volkow,Jean Logan,Naoml R Pappas,Christopher Wong,Wel Zhu,Noelwah Netusll,Joanna S. Fowler +9 more
TL;DR: Dopamine modulates motivation and reward circuits and hence dopamine deficiency in obese individuals may perpetuate pathological eating as a means to compensate for decreased activation of these circuits.
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Allelic discrimination using fluorogenic probes and the 5' nuclease assay.
TL;DR: The 5' nuclease (TaqMan) as discussed by the authors is a typical PCR that uses a fluorogenic probe, consisting of an oligonucleotide labeled with both a fluorescent reporter dye and a quencher dye.