Reward circuitry responsivity to food predicts future increases in body mass: moderating effects of DRD2 and DRD4.
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TLDR
This novel prospective fMRI study indicates that responsivity of reward circuitry to food increases risk for future weight gain, but that genes that impact dopamine signaling capacity moderate the predictive effects, suggesting two qualitatively distinct pathways to unhealthy weight gain based on genetic risk.About:
This article is published in NeuroImage.The article was published on 2010-05-01 and is currently open access. It has received 311 citations till now.read more
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Increased prefrontal and parahippocampal activation with reduced dorsolateral prefrontal and insular cortex activation to food images in obesity: a meta-analysis of fMRI studies.
TL;DR: Prefrontal cortex areas linked to cognitive evaluation processes, such as evaluation of rewarding stimuli, as well as explicit memory regions, appear most consistently activated in response to images of food in those who are obese.
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Obese patients after gastric bypass surgery have lower brain-hedonic responses to food than after gastric banding
Samantha Scholtz,Alexander D. Miras,Navpreet Chhina,Christina G. Prechtl,Michelle L. Sleeth,Norlida Mat Daud,Nurhafzan A. Ismail,Giuliana Durighel,Ahmed R. Ahmed,Torsten Olbers,Royce P Vincent,Jamshid Alaghband-Zadeh,Mohammad A. Ghatei,Adam D. Waldman,Gary Frost,Jimmy D. Bell,Carel W. le Roux,Anthony P. Goldstone +17 more
TL;DR: Identifying differences in food hedonic responses as a result of altered gut anatomy/physiology provides a novel explanation for the more favourable long-term weight loss seen after RYGB than after BAND surgery, highlighting the importance of the gut–brain axis in the control of reward-based eating behaviour.
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Sleep restriction leads to increased activation of brain regions sensitive to food stimuli
TL;DR: The findings of this study link restricted sleep and susceptibility to food stimuli and are consistent with the notion that reduced sleep may lead to greater propensity to overeat.
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The contribution of brain reward circuits to the obesity epidemic
TL;DR: It is suggested that it might be more useful to focus on overeating that results in frank obesity, and multiple health, interpersonal, and occupational negative consequences as a form of food "abuse".
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Obesity as a Disease.
Jagriti Upadhyay,Jagriti Upadhyay,Olivia M. Farr,Nikolaos Perakakis,Wael Ghaly,Christos S. Mantzoros +5 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms of obesity and its related comorbidities are reviewed, with a focus on overweight men and women.
References
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Book
Applied Linear Statistical Models
TL;DR: Applied Linear Statistical Models 5e as discussed by the authors is the leading authoritative text and reference on statistical modeling, which includes brief introductory and review material, and then proceeds through regression and modeling for the first half, and through ANOVA and Experimental Design in the second half.
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Applied Linear Statistical Models
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Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited--again.
Keith J. Worsley,Karl J. Friston +1 more
TL;DR: Correct results are presented that replace those of the previous paper and solve the same problem without recourse to heuristic arguments and a proper and unbiased estimator for the error terms are introduced.
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Brain dopamine and obesity.
Gene-Jack Wang,Gene-Jack Wang,Nora D. Volkow,Nora D. Volkow,Jean Logan,Naoml R Pappas,Christopher Wong,Wel Zhu,Noelwah Netusll,Joanna S. Fowler +9 more
TL;DR: Dopamine modulates motivation and reward circuits and hence dopamine deficiency in obese individuals may perpetuate pathological eating as a means to compensate for decreased activation of these circuits.
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Allelic discrimination using fluorogenic probes and the 5' nuclease assay.
TL;DR: The 5' nuclease (TaqMan) as discussed by the authors is a typical PCR that uses a fluorogenic probe, consisting of an oligonucleotide labeled with both a fluorescent reporter dye and a quencher dye.