Selective imaging of nano-particle contrast agents by a single-shot x-ray diffraction technique
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This work describes the use of two orthogonal transmission gratings to selectively retain diffraction signal from iron oxide particles that are larger than a threshold size, while eliminating the background signal from soft tissue and bone.Abstract:
Iron oxide nano-particles have very different x-ray diffraction properties from tissue. They can be clearly visualized against suppressed tissue background in a single-shot x-ray diffraction imaging technique. This technique is able to acquire both diffraction and absorption images from a single grating-modulated projection image through analysis in the spatial frequency domain. We describe the use of two orthogonal transmission gratings to selectively retain diffraction signal from iron oxide particles that are larger than a threshold size, while eliminating the background signal from soft tissue and bone. This approach should help the tracking of functionalized particles in cell labeling and targeted therapy.read more
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Interpretation of dark-field contrast and particle-size selectivity in grating interferometers.
Susanna K. Lynch,Vinay M. Pai,Julie A. Auxier,Ashley F. Stein,Eric E. Bennett,Camille K. Kemble,Xianghui Xiao,Wah-Keat Lee,Nicole Y. Morgan,H. Wen +9 more
TL;DR: An expression for the dark-field effect in terms of the sample material's complex refractive index is obtained, which can be verified experimentally without fitting parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multicontrast x-ray computed tomography imaging using Talbot-Lau interferometry without phase stepping.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that multicontrast computed tomography (CT) imaging can be performed using a Talbot-Lau interferometer without phase stepping, thus allowing for an acquisition scheme like that used for standard absorption CT.
Journal ArticleDOI
Talbot phase-contrast x-ray imaging for the small joints of the hand.
TL;DR: The model predicts that a DPC radiographic system for the small hand joints of the hand could be feasible using a low energy quasi-monochromatic source, such as a K-edge filtered Rh or Mo tube, in conjunction with a ∼2 m long 'symmetric' interferometer operated in a high Talbot order.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanomaterials for X-ray Imaging: Gold Nanoparticle-Enhancement of X-ray Scatter Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Danielle Rand,Vivian Ortiz,Yanan Liu,Zoltan Derdak,Jack R. Wands,Milan Tatíček,Christoph Rose-Petruck +6 more
TL;DR: A new imaging technique for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma that utilizes surface-modified gold nanoparticles in combination with X-ray imaging is presented, suggesting that this novel approach could enable the in vivo detection of tumors as small as a few millimeters in size.
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Effects of unresolvable edges in grating-based X-ray differential phase imaging.
Wataru Yashiro,Atsushi Momose +1 more
TL;DR: Results of numerical calculations for monochromatic X-rays show that an unresolvable sharp edge generates not only differential-phase contrast but also visibility contrast, which shows that the visibility contrast has another major origin other than ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) from randomly distributed unresolable microstructures.
References
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TOPICAL REVIEW: Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine
Book ChapterDOI
Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine
TL;DR: The physical principles underlying some current biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles are reviewed and the relevant physics of magnetic materials and their responses to applied magnetic fields are surveyed.
Journal ArticleDOI
X-ray phase imaging with a grating interferometer.
Timm Weitkamp,Ana Diaz,Christian David,Franz Pfeiffer,Marco Stampanoni,Peter Cloetens,Eric Ziegler +6 more
TL;DR: Using a high-efficiency grating interferometer for hard X rays (10-30 keV) and a phase-stepping technique, separate radiographs of the phase and absorption profiles of bulk samples can be obtained from a single set of measurements.
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Hard-X-ray dark-field imaging using a grating interferometer
Franz Pfeiffer,Franz Pfeiffer,Martin Bech,Oliver Bunk,P. Kraft,E. F. Eikenberry,Christian Brönnimann,Christian Grünzweig,Christian David +8 more
TL;DR: This letter reports a new approach on the basis of a grating interferometer that can efficiently yield dark-field scatter images of high quality, even with conventional X-ray tube sources and is fully compatible with conventional transmission radiography and a recently developed hard-X-ray phase-contrast imaging scheme.
Journal ArticleDOI
Demonstration of X-Ray Talbot Interferometry
TL;DR: In this article, the first X-ray Talbot interferometry was demonstrated using a pair of transmission gratings made by forming gold stripes on glass plates, which were aligned on the optical axis of X-rays with a separation that caused the Talbot effect by the first grating.