Journal ArticleDOI
Shortening the Breeding Cycle of Sorghum, a Model Crop for Research
Govinda Rizal,Shanta Karki,Michael Alcasid,Florencia Montecillo,Kelvin Acebron,Nikki Larazo,Richard Garcia,Inez H. Slamet-Loedin,William Paul Quick +8 more
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TLDR
By using embryo rescue to save vital embryos as well as shorten the breed cycle of sorghum, the breeding cycle was made comparable or even shorter than that of other model crops, which would allow the development of breeding materials much faster.Abstract:
Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a model C4 cereal for both basic and applied research. It has most of the traits of a model plant species: large embryos that are easy to rescue, moderate genome size of about 760 Mb, several unique traits not found in other species, plenty of seeds, and many important agronomic as well as commercial uses. However, it takes a long time to complete its breeding cycle. ther oproblems encountered during the research on sorghum breeding were early desiccation of embryos from mutants and wide hybridization, and the high-yielding cultivars and plants grown in controlled environments are usually uniculm, which limits their use in crossing to obtain both selfed and crossed seeds. The objective of this research was to find ways to obtain cross- and self-pollinated seeds from the same plant, con-serve the vital embryos, and most important, shorten the breeding cycle. Two methods are reported here. The first method was to produce crossed as well as selfed seeds on the same panicle of the usually uni-culm plant. The sec-ond method was to carry out embryo rescue to save vital embryos as well as shorten the breed -ing cycle from the regular 17 to 11 wk. By these two methods, the breeding cycle of sorghum was made comparable or even shorter than that of other model crops, which would allow the development of breeding materials much faster.G. Rizal, S. Karki, M. Alcasid, F. Montecillo, K. Acebron, N. Larazo, R. Garcia, and W.P. Quick, C4 Rice Center, International Rice Res. Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, DAPO Box 7777, Metro-Manila, Philip -pines; I.H. Slamet-Loedin, Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, DAPO Box 7777, Metro-Manila, Philippines; W.P. Quick, Dep. of Animal and Plant Sciences, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. G. Rizal, and S. Karki contributed equally. Received 19 July 2013. *Correspond -ing author (w.p.quick@irri.org).read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Breeding crops to feed 10 billion.
Lee T. Hickey,Amber N. Hafeez,Hannah Robinson,Scott A. Jackson,Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli,Mark Tester,Caixia Gao,Ian D. Godwin,Ben J. Hayes,Brande B. H. Wulff +9 more
TL;DR: Development of next-generation crops will be enabled by combining state-of-the-art technologies with speed breeding by using speed breeding to enable plant breeders to keep pace with a changing environment and ever-increasing human population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancing the rate of genetic gain in public-sector plant breeding programs: lessons from the breeder’s equation
Joshua N. Cobb,Roselyne U. Juma,Roselyne U. Juma,Partha S. Biswas,Partha S. Biswas,Juan David Arbelaez,Jessica Rutkoski,Gary Atlin,Tom Hagen,Tom Hagen,Michael Quinn,Michael Quinn,Eng Hwa Ng,Eng Hwa Ng +13 more
TL;DR: With an abundance of new technologies available, breeding teams need to evaluate carefully the impact of any new technology on selection intensity, selection accuracy, and breeding cycle length relative to its cost of deployment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrating genomics for chickpea improvement: Achievements and opportunities
Manish Roorkiwal,Manish Roorkiwal,Chellapilla Bharadwaj,Rutwik Barmukh,Rutwik Barmukh,G. P. Dixit,Mahendar Thudi,Pooran M. Gaur,Sushil K. Chaturvedi,Asnake Fikre,Aladdin Hamwieh,Shiv Kumar,Supriya Sachdeva,Chris O. Ojiewo,Bunyamin Tar’an,Nigusie Girma Wordofa,Narendra Singh,Kadambot H. M. Siddique,Rajeev K. Varshney,Rajeev K. Varshney +19 more
TL;DR: It is predicted that integration of modern genomic resources with conventional breeding efforts will help in the delivery of climate-resilient chickpea varieties in comparatively less time and there is a need to integrate the knowledge generated by modern genomics technologies with molecular breeding efforts to bridge the genome-to-phenome gap.
Journal ArticleDOI
A practical, rapid generation-advancement system for rice breeding using simplified biotron breeding system.
TL;DR: A simplified BBS is proposed (the sBBS) that eliminates the need for tiller removal and embryo rescue, but controls CO2 levels and day-length and maintains an appropriate root volume.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomics-Enabled Next-Generation Breeding Approaches for Developing System-Specific Drought Tolerant Hybrids in Maize.
TL;DR: Integration of novel genomics, next-generation breeding, and informatics tools will accelerate the stress breeding process and increase the genetic gain under different production systems.
References
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Toshio Murashige,Folke Skoog +1 more
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The Sorghum bicolor genome and the diversification of grasses
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TL;DR: An initial analysis of the ∼730-megabase Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench genome is presented, placing ∼98% of genes in their chromosomal context using whole-genome shotgun sequence validated by genetic, physical and syntenic information.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA sequence evidence for the segmental allotetraploid origin of maize
Brandon S. Gaut,John Doebley +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the pattern of sequence divergence among 14 pairs of duplicated genes and compared the divergence to patterns predicted by four models of the evolution of the maize genome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Agrobacterium-mediated sorghum transformation.
Zuo-Yu Zhao,Tishu Cai,Laura A. Tagliani,Mike Miller,Ning Wang,Hong Pang,Marjorie L. Rudert,Sheryl Schroeder,Dave Hondred,Jon Seltzer,Dortie Pierce +10 more
TL;DR: The first report of successful use of Agrobacterium for production of stably transformed sorghum plants is reported, with the method yields a higher frequency of stable transformation that other methods reported previously.
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