Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles
Eric W. Wolff,Hubertus Fischer,Felix Fundel,U. Ruth,Birthe Twarloh,Geneviève C Littot,Robert Mulvaney,Regine Röthlisberger,M. de Angelis,Claude F. Boutron,Margareta Hansson,Ulf Jonsell,Manuel A. Hutterli,Manuel A. Hutterli,Fabrice Lambert,Patrik R Kaufmann,Bernhard Stauffer,Thomas F. Stocker,Jørgen Peder Steffensen,Matthias Bigler,Matthias Bigler,Marie-Louise Siggaard-Andersen,Roberto Udisti,Silvia Becagli,Emiliano Castellano,Mirko Severi,Dietmar Wagenbach,Carlo Barbante,Paolo Gabrielli,Vania Gaspari +29 more
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TLDR
Continuous chemical proxy data spanning the last eight glacial cycles from the Dome C Antarctic ice core constrain winter sea-ice extent in the Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean biogenic productivity and Patagonian climatic conditions and observe large glacial–interglacial contrasts in iron deposition, which is infer reflects strongly changing Patagonia conditions.Abstract:
Sea ice and dust flux increased greatly in the Southern Ocean during the last glacial period. Palaeorecords provide contradictory evidence about marine productivity in this region, but beyond one glacial cycle, data were sparse. Here we present continuous chemical proxy data spanning the last eight glacial cycles (740,000 years) from the Dome C Antarctic ice core. These data constrain winter sea-ice extent in the Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean biogenic productivity and Patagonian climatic conditions. We found that maximum sea-ice extent is closely tied to Antarctic temperature on multi-millennial timescales, but less so on shorter timescales. Biological dimethylsulphide emissions south of the polar front seem to have changed little with climate, suggesting that sulphur compounds were not active in climate regulation. We observe large glacial-interglacial contrasts in iron deposition, which we infer reflects strongly changing Patagonian conditions. During glacial terminations, changes in Patagonia apparently preceded sea-ice reduction, indicating that multiple mechanisms may be responsible for different phases of CO2 increase during glacial terminations. We observe no changes in internal climatic feedbacks that could have caused the change in amplitude of Antarctic temperature variations observed 440,000 years ago.read more
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High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000–800,000 years before present
Dieter Lüthi,Martine Le Floch,Bernhard Bereiter,Thomas Blunier,Jean-Marc Barnola,Urs Siegenthaler,Dominique Raynaud,Jean Jouzel,Hubertus Fischer,Kenji Kawamura,Thomas F. Stocker +10 more
TL;DR: It is found that atmospheric carbon dioxide is strongly correlated with Antarctic temperature throughout eight glacial cycles but with significantly lower concentrations between 650,000 and 750,000 yr before present, which extends the pre-industrial range of carbon dioxide concentrations during the late Quaternary by about 10 p.p.m.v.
Journal ArticleDOI
Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 800,000 Years
Jean Jouzel,Valérie Masson-Delmotte,O. Cattani,Gabrielle Dreyfus,S. Falourd,G. P. Hoffmann,Bénédicte Minster,Julius Nouet,Jean-Marc Barnola,Jérôme Chappellaz,Hubertus Fischer,J. C. Gallet,Sigfus J Johnsen,Sigfus J Johnsen,Markus Leuenberger,L. Loulergue,D. Luethi,Hans Oerter,Frédéric Parrenin,Grant M. Raisbeck,Dominique Raynaud,Adrian Schilt,Jakob Schwander,Enricomaria Selmo,Roland Souchez,Renato Spahni,Bernhard Stauffer,Jørgen Peder Steffensen,Barbara Stenni,Thomas F. Stocker,Jean-Louis Tison,Martin Werner,Eric W. Wolff +32 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the interplay between obliquity and precession accounts for the variable intensity of interglacial periods in ice core records.
Orbital and millenial antarctic climate variability over the last 800 000 years
Jean Jouzel,Jean-Louis Tison +1 more
TL;DR: A high-resolution deuterium profile is available along the entire European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica Dome C ice core, extending this climate record back to marine isotope stage 20.2, ∼800,000 years ago.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoscale iron enrichment experiments 1993-2005 : Synthesis and future directions
Philip W. Boyd,Tim Jickells,Cliff S. Law,Stéphane Blain,Edward A. Boyle,Ken O. Buesseler,Kenneth H. Coale,John J. Cullen,H. J. W. de Baar,Michael J. Follows,Mike Harvey,Christiane Lancelot,Maurice Levasseur,N. P. J. Owens,Raymond T. Pollard,Richard B. Rivkin,Jorge L. Sarmiento,Véronique Schoemann,Victor Smetacek,Shigenobu Takeda,Atsushi Tsuda,Suzanne M. Turner,Andrew J. Watson +22 more
TL;DR: The findings of these 12 FeAXs reveal that iron supply exerts controls on the dynamics of plankton blooms, which in turn affect the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, silicon, and sulfur and ultimately influence the Earth climate system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saturation of the Southern Ocean CO2 Sink Due to Recent Climate Change
Corinne Le Quéré,Christian Rödenbeck,Erik T. Buitenhuis,Thomas J. Conway,Ray L. Langenfelds,Antony Gomez,Casper Labuschagne,Michel Ramonet,Takakiyo Nakazawa,Nicolas Metzl,Nathan P. Gillett,Martin Heimann +11 more
TL;DR: It is estimated that the Southern Ocean sink of CO2 has weakened between 1981 and 2004 by 0.08 petagrams of carbon per year per decade relative to the trend expected from the large increase in atmospheric CO2.
References
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Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica
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TL;DR: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica
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TL;DR: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
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