Subepithelial telocytes are an important source of Wnts that supports intestinal crypts
Michal Shoshkes-Carmel,Yue J. Wang,Kirk J. Wangensteen,Beáta Tóth,Ayano Kondo,Efi E. Massasa,Shalev Itzkovitz,Klaus H. Kaestner +7 more
TLDR
Subepithelial telocytes are identified as a source of Wnt signals that enable proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells, an essential function for maintenance of the intestinal epithelium.Abstract:
Tissues that undergo rapid cellular turnover, such as the mammalian haematopoietic system or the intestinal epithelium, are dependent on stem and progenitor cells that proliferate to provide differentiated cells to maintain organismal health. Stem and progenitor cells, in turn, are thought to rely on signals and growth factors provided by local niche cells to support their function and self-renewal. Several cell types have been hypothesized to provide the signals required for the proliferation and differentiation of the intestinal stem cells in intestinal crypts1-6. Here we identify subepithelial telocytes as an important source of Wnt proteins, without which intestinal stem cells cannot proliferate and support epithelial renewal. Telocytes are large but rare mesenchymal cells that are marked by expression of FOXL1 and form a subepithelial plexus that extends from the stomach to the colon. While supporting the entire epithelium, FOXL1+ telocytes compartmentalize the production of Wnt ligands and inhibitors to enable localized pathway activation. Conditional genetic ablation of porcupine (Porcn), which is required for functional maturation of all Wnt proteins, in mouse FOXL1+ telocytes causes rapid cessation of Wnt signalling to intestinal crypts, followed by loss of proliferation of stem and transit amplifying cells and impaired epithelial renewal. Thus, FOXL1+ telocytes are an important source of niche signals to intestinal stem cells.read more
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암을 예방 및 치료하기 위한 gremlin-1 길항제
Davies Gareth,Simon J. Leedham,Andrew C.W. Zannettino,Clark Kimberley,Duncan R. Hewett,Vasilios Panagopoulos +5 more
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Endothelial FOXC1 and FOXC2 promote intestinal regeneration after ischemia–reperfusion injury
Can Tan,Pieter R. Norden,Ting Liu,Naoto Ujiie,Xiaocai Yan,Kazushi Aoto,Sagrario Ortega,Isabelle G. De Plaen,Tsutomu Kume +8 more
TL;DR: There is evidence that FOXC1 and FOXC2 are required for intestinal regeneration by stimulating paracrine CXCL12 and Wnt signaling, and treatment with CXCl12 and R-spondin 3 rescues the I/R-induced intestinal damage in EC- and LEC-Foxc mutant mice.
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Comments on 'MAP3K2-regulated intestinal stromal cells define a distinct stem cell niche'.
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Ectopic stem cell niches sustain rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine absorptive capacity when challenged with a plant protein-rich diet
Nicole Verdile,Gloriana Cardinaletti,Filippo Faccenda,Tiziana A. L. Brevini,Fulvio Gandolfi,Emilio Tibaldi +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a comparative analysis between a control diet (CF) and an experimental vegetable-based diet (CV) under a new perspective was performed, which revealed that a nutritional challenge results in the formation of an ectopic ISNC at the middle of the intestinal folds, presumably to compensate for the reduced intestinal absorption, while the newly-formed structures showed positivity for PepT1, Sglt-1, and Fabp2 indicating their active role in small molecule absorption.
Journal ArticleDOI
A cellular regulator of the niche: telocyte.
Sena Babadag,Betül Çelebi-Saltik +1 more
TL;DR: The properties of TCs and their roles in the tissue organ microenvironment are specified and information about the factors that play a role in the transport of epigenetic information by TCs are given.
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Cre reporter strains produced by targeted insertion of EYFP and ECFP into the ROSA26 locus
Shankar Srinivas,Tomoko Watanabe,Chyuan-Sheng Lin,Chris M William,Yasuto Tanabe,Thomas M. Jessell,Frank Costantini +6 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Paneth cells constitute the niche for Lgr5 stem cells in intestinal crypts
Toshiro Sato,Johan H. van Es,Hugo J. Snippert,Daniel E. Stange,Robert G.J. Vries,Maaike van den Born,Nick Barker,Noah F. Shroyer,Marc van de Wetering,Hans Clevers +9 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that Lgr5 stem cells compete for essential niche signals provided by a specialized daughter cell, the Paneth cell, in colon crypts, and co-culturing of sorted stem cells with Paneth cells markedly improves organoid formation.
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