Systematic evaluation of the associations between environmental risk factors and dementia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Vanesa Bellou,Lazaros Belbasis,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Lefkos T. Middleton,John P. A. Ioannidis,Evangelos Evangelou,Evangelos Evangelou +7 more
TLDR
Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors.Abstract:
Introduction Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. Methods We searched PubMed to identify meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between nongenetic factors and dementia. We estimated the summary effect size using random-effects and fixed-effects model, the 95% CI, and the 95% prediction interval. We assessed the between-study heterogeneity (I-square), evidence of small-study effects, and excess significance. Results A total of 76 unique associations were examined. By applying standardized criteria, seven associations presented convincing evidence. These associations pertained to benzodiazepines use, depression at any age, late-life depression, and frequency of social contacts for all types of dementia; late-life depression for Alzheimer's disease; and type 2 diabetes mellitus for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Discussion Several risk factors present substantial evidence for association with dementia and should be assessed as potential targets for interventions, but these associations may not necessarily be causal.read more
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Elevation of Peripheral BDNF Promoter Methylation Predicts Conversion from Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study
Bing Xie,Xu Yao,Zanchao Liu,Wenxuan Liu,Lei Jiang,Rui Zhang,Dongsheng Cui,Qingfu Zhang,Shunjiang Xu +8 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that elevation of peripheral BDNF promoter methylation might be used as potential epigenetic biomarkers for predicting the conversion from aMCI to AD.
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Brain microRNAs associated with late-life depressive symptoms are also associated with cognitive trajectory and dementia
Thomas S. Wingo,Jingjing Yang,Wen Fan,Se Min Canon,Ekaterina S. Gerasimov,Adriana Lori,Benjamin A. Logsdon,Bing Yao,Nicholas T. Seyfried,James J. Lah,Allan I. Levey,Patricia A. Boyle,Julia A. Schneider,P. L. De Jager,David A. Bennett,Aliza P. Wingo,Aliza P. Wingo +16 more
TL;DR: Four brain microRNAs are identified and a molecular connection between late-life depression and dementia through miR-484 is found, found in a brain protein co-expression module involving synaptic transmission and regulation of synaptic plasticity.
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Apolipoprotein E4 and meningeal lymphatics in Alzheimer disease: a conceptual framework
TL;DR: A new conceptual framework is proposed, according to which APOE4 could play a novel role in the premature shrinkage of meningeal lymphatic vessels (meningeal lymphosclerosis), leading to abnormal mening Sealife lymphatic functions ( meningeal lymphedema).
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Anesthesia and Cognitive Outcome in Elderly Patients: A Narrative Viewpoint.
James E. Cottrell,John Hartung +1 more
TL;DR: This narrative review will consider current understanding of the reasons that elderly patients need enhanced care, and recommendations for that care based on established and recent empirical research.
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Coffee drinking and cancer risk: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
Long-Gang Zhao,Zhuo-Ying Li,Guo-Shan Feng,Xiao-Wei Ji,Yu-Ting Tan,Honglan Li,Marc J. Gunter,Yong-Bing Xiang +7 more
TL;DR: There is highly suggestive evidence for an inverse association between coffee intake and risk of liver and endometrial cancer and further research is needed to provide more robust evidence for cancer at other sites.
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