Systematic evaluation of the associations between environmental risk factors and dementia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Vanesa Bellou,Lazaros Belbasis,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Lefkos T. Middleton,John P. A. Ioannidis,Evangelos Evangelou,Evangelos Evangelou +7 more
TLDR
Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors.Abstract:
Introduction Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. Methods We searched PubMed to identify meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between nongenetic factors and dementia. We estimated the summary effect size using random-effects and fixed-effects model, the 95% CI, and the 95% prediction interval. We assessed the between-study heterogeneity (I-square), evidence of small-study effects, and excess significance. Results A total of 76 unique associations were examined. By applying standardized criteria, seven associations presented convincing evidence. These associations pertained to benzodiazepines use, depression at any age, late-life depression, and frequency of social contacts for all types of dementia; late-life depression for Alzheimer's disease; and type 2 diabetes mellitus for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Discussion Several risk factors present substantial evidence for association with dementia and should be assessed as potential targets for interventions, but these associations may not necessarily be causal.read more
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Adiposity and cancer at major anatomical sites: umbrella review of the literature.
Maria Kyrgiou,Maria Kyrgiou,Ilkka Kalliala,Georgios Markozannes,Marc J. Gunter,Evangelos Paraskevaidis,Hani Gabra,Hani Gabra,Pierre Martin-Hirsch,Konstantinos K. Tsilidis,Konstantinos K. Tsilidis +10 more
TL;DR: Obesity is becoming one of the biggest problems in public health; evidence on the strength of the associated risks may allow finer selection of those at higher risk of cancer, who could be targeted for personalised prevention strategies.
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What Causes Psychosis? An Umbrella Review of Risk and Protective Factors
Joaquim Radua,Joaquim Radua,Valentina Ramella-Cravaro,Valentina Ramella-Cravaro,John P. A. Ioannidis,Abraham Reichenberg,Nacharin Phiphopthatsanee,Taha Amir,Hyi Yenn Thoo,Dominic Oliver,Cathy Davies,Craig Morgan,Craig Morgan,Philip McGuire,Philip McGuire,Robin M. Murray,Robin M. Murray,Paolo Fusar-Poli,Paolo Fusar-Poli,Paolo Fusar-Poli +19 more
TL;DR: Several factors are found to be associated with psychotic disorders with different levels of evidence and represent a starting point for further etiopathological research and for the improvement of the prediction of psychosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses.
Vanesa Bellou,Lazaros Belbasis,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Ioanna Tzoulaki,Evangelos Evangelou,Evangelos Evangelou +5 more
TL;DR: A healthy lifestyle pattern could lead to decreased risk for T2DM, and future randomized clinical trials should focus on identifying efficient strategies to modify harmful daily habits and predisposing dietary patterns.
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Ten simple rules for conducting umbrella reviews
Paolo Fusar-Poli,Joaquim Radua +1 more
TL;DR: A critical educational review of published umbrella reviews is presented, focusing on the essential practical steps required to produce robust umbrella reviews in the medical field, and 10 key points to consider for conducting robust umbrella Reviews are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers for neurodegenerative dementias: An update of the Consensus of the Task Force on Biological Markers in Psychiatry of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
Piotr Lewczuk,Peter Riederer,Sid E. O'Bryant,Marcel M. Verbeek,Bruno Dubois,Pieter Jelle Visser,Kurt A. Jellinger,Sebastiaan Engelborghs,Alfredo Ramirez,Lucilla Parnetti,Clifford R. Jack,Charlotte E. Teunissen,Harald Hampel,Alberto Lleó,Frank Jessen,Lidia Glodzik,Mony J. de Leon,Anne M. Fagan,José Luis Molinuevo,Willemijn J. Jansen,Bengt Winblad,Leslie M. Shaw,Ulf Andreasson,Markus Otto,Brit Mollenhauer,Jens Wiltfang,Martin R Turner,Inga Zerr,Ron Handels,Alexander G. Thompson,Gunilla Johansson,Natalia Ermann,John Q. Trojanowski,Ilker Karaca,Holger Wagner,Patrick Oeckl,Linda J C van Waalwijk van Doorn,Maria Bjerke,Dimitrios Kapogiannis,H. Bea Kuiperij,Lucia Farotti,Yi Li,Brian A. Gordon,Stéphane Epelbaum,Stephanie J.B. Vos,Catharina J.M. Klijn,William E. Van Nostrand,Carolina Minguillon,Matthias Schmitz,Carla Gallo,Andrea Lopez Mato,Florence Thibaut,Simone Lista,Daniel Alcolea,Henrik Zetterberg,Kaj Blennow,Johannes Kornhuber +56 more
TL;DR: In the 12 years since the publication of the first Consensus Paper of the WFSBP on biomarkers of neurodegenerative dementias, enormous advancement has taken place in the field, and the Task Force takes the opportunity to extend and update the original paper.
References
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TL;DR: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of 10 relevant prospective cohort studies of older adults with end points being dementia and predictors including adiposity measures shows a moderate association between obesity and the risks for dementia and AD.
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Alcohol consumption as a risk factor for dementia and cognitive decline: meta-analysis of prospective studies.
TL;DR: It is suggested that alcohol drinkers in late life have reduced risk of dementia, although it is unclear whether this reflects selection effects in cohort studies commencing inLate life, a protective effect of alcohol consumption throughout adulthood, or a specific benefit of alcohol in latelife.