Journal ArticleDOI
The Interaction of Alba, a Conserved Archaeal Chromatin Protein, with Sir2 and Its Regulation by Acetylation
Stephen D. Bell,Catherine H. Botting,Benjamin N. Wardleworth,Stephen P. Jackson,Malcolm F. White +4 more
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TLDR
Sir2 can deacetylate Alba and mediate transcriptional repression in a reconstituted in vitro transcription system, providing a paradigm for how Sir2 family proteins influence transcription and suggesting that modulation of chromatin structure by acetylation arose before the divergence of the archaeal and eukaryotic lineages.Abstract:
The conserved Sir2 family of proteins has protein deacetylase activity that is dependent on NAD (the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). Although histones are one likely target for the enzymatic activity of eukaryotic Sir2 proteins, little is known about the substrates and roles of prokaryotic Sir2 homologs. We reveal that an archaeal Sir2 homolog interacts specifically with the major archaeal chromatin protein, Alba, and that Alba exists in acetylated and nonacetylated forms. Furthermore, we show that Sir2 can deacetylate Alba and mediate transcriptional repression in a reconstituted in vitro transcription system. These data provide a paradigm for how Sir2 family proteins influence transcription and suggest that modulation of chromatin structure by acetylation arose before the divergence of the archaeal and eukaryotic lineages.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Sir2 Family of Protein Deacetylases
Gil Blander,Leonard Guarente +1 more
TL;DR: The role of NAD+, the unusual products of the deacetylation reaction, the Sir2 structure, and the Sir1 and Sir2 chemical inhibitors and activators that were recently identified are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Biochemistry of Sirtuins
TL;DR: The chemical mechanism of sirtuins provides novel opportunities for signaling and metabolic regulation of protein deacetylation and the biological, chemical, and structural characteristics of these unusual enzymes are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Mammalian SIR2α Protein Has a Role in Embryogenesis and Gametogenesis
Michael W. McBurney,Xiaofeng Yang,Karen Jardine,Mary L. Hixon,Kim Boekelheide,John R. Webb,Peter M. Lansdorp,Madeleine E. Lemieux +7 more
TL;DR: No evidence for failure of gene silencing is found in sir2α null animals, suggesting that either SIR2α has a different role in mammals than it does in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or that its role in genesilencing in confined to a small subset of mammalian genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sir2-Dependent Activation of Acetyl-CoA Synthetase by Deacetylation of Active Lysine
TL;DR: It is proposed that acetylation modulates the activity of all the AMP-forming family of enzymes, including nonribosomal peptide synthetases, luciferase, and aryl- and acyl-CoA synthetasing, and imply that lysine acetylations is a common regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The diverse superfamily of lysine acetyltransferases and their roles in leukemia and other diseases.
TL;DR: The diverse superfamily of lysine acetyltransferases executes an acetylation program that is important for different cellular processes and perturbation of such a program may cause the development of cancer and other diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Histone acetylation in chromatin structure and transcription
TL;DR: The amino termini of histones extend from the nucleosomal core and are modified by acetyltransferases and deacetylases during the cell cycle, which may direct histone assembly and help regulate the unfolding and activity of genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic classification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic Sir2-like proteins.
TL;DR: Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 60 sirtuin conserved core domain sequences from a diverse array of organisms shows that eukaryotic Sir2-like proteins group into four main branches designated here as classes I-IV.
Journal ArticleDOI
The complete genome of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2.
Qunxin She,Rama K. Singh,Fabrice Confalonieri,Yvan Zivanovic,Ghislaine Allard,Mariana J. Awayez,Christina C.-Y. Chan-Weiher,Ib Groth Clausen,Bruce A. Curtis,Anick De Moors,Gaël Erauso,Cynthia Fletcher,Paul M. K. Gordon,Ineke Heikamp-de Jong,Alex C. Jeffries,Catherine Kozera,Nadine Medina,Xu Peng,Hoa Phan Thi-Ngoc,Peter Redder,Margaret E. Schenk,Cynthia Theriault,Niels Tolstrup,Robert L. Charlebois,W. Ford Doolittle,Michel Duguet,Terry Gaasterland,Roger A. Garrett,Mark A. Ragan,Christoph Wilhelm Sensen,John van der Oost +30 more
TL;DR: The results illustrate major differences between crenarchaea and euryarchaea, especially for their DNA replication mechanism and cell cycle processes and their translational apparatus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sir2 links chromatin silencing, metabolism, and aging
TL;DR: A speculative model of how a gradual disruption in chromatin silencing may occur and how such a change may cause aging is presented, which is widely observed in many organisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Enzymatic Activity in the Yeast Sir2 Protein that Is Essential for Gene Silencing
TL;DR: It is shown that Sir2 can transfer labeled phosphate from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to itself and histones in vitro, and a modified form of Sir2, which results from its automodification activity, is specifically recognized by anti-mono-ADP-ribose antibodies, suggesting thatSir2 is an ADP- ribosyltransferase.
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The complete genome of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2.
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