Transcriptional enhancers and their communication with gene promoters
Helen Ray-Jones,Mikhail Spivakov +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors synthesise classic and recent evidence on the regulatory logic of enhancers, including the principles of enhancer organisation, factors that facilitate and delimit enhancer-promoter communication, and the joint effects of multiple enhancers.Abstract:
Transcriptional enhancers play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of gene expression programmes, particularly in metazoa. How these elements control their target genes in the right place and time is one of the most pertinent questions in functional genomics, with wide implications for most areas of biology. Here, we synthesise classic and recent evidence on the regulatory logic of enhancers, including the principles of enhancer organisation, factors that facilitate and delimit enhancer-promoter communication, and the joint effects of multiple enhancers. We show how modern approaches building on classic insights have begun to unravel the complexity of enhancer-promoter relationships, paving the way towards a quantitative understanding of gene control.read more
Citations
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Repression and 3D-restructuring resolves regulatory conflicts in evolutionarily rearranged genomes
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References
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A 3D Map of the Human Genome at Kilobase Resolution Reveals Principles of Chromatin Looping
Suhas S.P. Rao,Miriam H. Huntley,Neva C. Durand,Elena K. Stamenova,Ivan D. Bochkov,James T. Robinson,James T. Robinson,Adrian L. Sanborn,Ido Machol,Ido Machol,Arina D. Omer,Arina D. Omer,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Erez Lieberman Aiden +15 more
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Jesse R. Dixon,Siddarth Selvaraj,Siddarth Selvaraj,Feng Yue,Audrey Kim,Yan-Yan Li,Yin-Zhong Shen,Ming Hu,Jun Liu,Bing Ren,Bing Ren +10 more
TL;DR: It is found that the boundaries of topological domains are enriched for the insulator binding protein CTCF, housekeeping genes, transfer RNAs and short interspersed element (SINE) retrotransposons, indicating that these factors may have a role in establishing the topological domain structure of the genome.
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