Tree height integrated into pantropical forest biomass estimates
Ted R. Feldpausch,Jon Lloyd,Jon Lloyd,Simon L. Lewis,Simon L. Lewis,Roel J. W. Brienen,Manuel Gloor,A. Monteagudo Mendoza,G. Lopez-Gonzalez,Lindsay F. Banin,Lindsay F. Banin,K. Abu Salim,Kofi Affum-Baffoe,Miguel Alexiades,Samuel Almeida,Iêda Leão do Amaral,Ana Andrade,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,A. Araujo Murakami,Eric Arets,Luzmila Arroyo,Timothy R. Baker,Olaf Bánki,Nicholas J. Berry,Nallarett Davila Cardozo,Jérôme Chave,James A. Comiskey,Esteban Álvarez,A. A. R. de Oliveira,A. Di Fiore,Gloria Djagbletey,Tomas F. Domingues,Terry L. Erwin,Philip M. Fearnside,Mabiane Batista França,Maria Aparecida Freitas,Niro Higuchi,Yoshiko Iida,E. M. Jimenez,Abdul Rahman Kassim,Timothy J. Killeen,William F. Laurance,Jon C. Lovett,Yadvinder Malhi,Beatriz Schwantes Marimon,Ben Hur Marimon-Junior,Eddie Lenza,Andrew R. Marshall,Casimiro Mendoza,Daniel J. Metcalfe,Edward T. A. Mitchard,David A. Neill,Bruce Walker Nelson,Reuben Nilus,Euler Melo Nogueira,Alexander Parada,Kelvin S.-H. Peh,A. Peña Cruz,M. C. Peñuela,Nigel C. A. Pitman,Adriana Prieto,Carlos A. Quesada,Fredy Ramírez,Hirma Ramírez-Angulo,Jan Reitsma,Agustín Rudas,Gustavo Saiz,Rafael de Paiva Salomão,Michael P. Schwarz,Natalino Silva,Javier E. Silva-Espejo,Marcos Silveira,Bonaventure Sonké,Juliana Stropp,Hermann Taedoumg,Sylvester Tan,H. ter Steege,John Terborgh,Mireia Torello-Raventos,G. M. F. van der Heijden,G. M. F. van der Heijden,R. Vásquez,Emilio Vilanova,Vincent A. Vos,Lee J. T. White,Simon Willcock,Hannsjorg Woell,Oliver L. Phillips +87 more
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TLDR
In this article, the effect of tree height (H) on tropical forest biomass and carbon storage estimates was investigated using data from 20 sites across four continents, and the results showed that tree H is an important allometric factor that needs to be included in future forest biomass estimates to reduce error in estimates of tropical carbon stocks and emissions.Abstract:
. Aboveground tropical tree biomass and carbon storage estimates commonly ignore tree height (H). We estimate the effect of incorporating H on tropics-wide forest biomass estimates in 327 plots across four continents using 42 656 H and diameter measurements and harvested trees from 20 sites to answer the following questions: 1. What is the best H-model form and geographic unit to include in biomass models to minimise site-level uncertainty in estimates of destructive biomass? 2. To what extent does including H estimates derived in (1) reduce uncertainty in biomass estimates across all 327 plots? 3. What effect does accounting for H have on plot- and continental-scale forest biomass estimates? The mean relative error in biomass estimates of destructively harvested trees when including H (mean 0.06), was half that when excluding H (mean 0.13). Power- and Weibull-H models provided the greatest reduction in uncertainty, with regional Weibull-H models preferred because they reduce uncertainty in smaller-diameter classes (≤40 cm D) that store about one-third of biomass per hectare in most forests. Propagating the relationships from destructively harvested tree biomass to each of the 327 plots from across the tropics shows that including H reduces errors from 41.8 Mg ha−1 (range 6.6 to 112.4) to 8.0 Mg ha−1 (−2.5 to 23.0). For all plots, aboveground live biomass was −52.2 Mg ha−1 (−82.0 to −20.3 bootstrapped 95% CI), or 13%, lower when including H estimates, with the greatest relative reductions in estimated biomass in forests of the Brazilian Shield, east Africa, and Australia, and relatively little change in the Guiana Shield, central Africa and southeast Asia. Appreciably different stand structure was observed among regions across the tropical continents, with some storing significantly more biomass in small diameter stems, which affects selection of the best height models to reduce uncertainty and biomass reductions due to H. After accounting for variation in H, total biomass per hectare is greatest in Australia, the Guiana Shield, Asia, central and east Africa, and lowest in east-central Amazonia, W. Africa, W. Amazonia, and the Brazilian Shield (descending order). Thus, if tropical forests span 1668 million km2 and store 285 Pg C (estimate including H), then applying our regional relationships implies that carbon storage is overestimated by 35 Pg C (31–39 bootstrapped 95% CI) if H is ignored, assuming that the sampled plots are an unbiased statistical representation of all tropical forest in terms of biomass and height factors. Our results show that tree H is an important allometric factor that needs to be included in future forest biomass estimates to reduce error in estimates of tropical carbon stocks and emissions due to deforestation.read more
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Improved allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass of tropical trees
Jérôme Chave,Maxime Réjou-Méchain,Alberto Búrquez,E. N. Chidumayo,Matthew S. Colgan,Welington Braz Carvalho Delitti,Alvaro Duque,Tron Eid,Philip M. Fearnside,Rosa C. Goodman,Matieu Henry,Angelina Martínez-Yrízar,Wilson A. Mugasha,Helene C. Muller-Landau,Maurizio Mencuccini,Bruce Walker Nelson,Alfred Ngomanda,Euler Melo Nogueira,Edgar Ortiz-Malavassi,Raphaël Pélissier,Pierre Ploton,Casey M. Ryan,Juan Saldarriaga,Ghislain Vieilledent +23 more
TL;DR: This work analyzed a global database of directly harvested trees at 58 sites, spanning a wide range of climatic conditions and vegetation types, and found a pantropical model incorporating wood density, trunk diameter, and the variable E outperformed previously published models without height.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink
Roel J. W. Brienen,Oliver L. Phillips,Ted R. Feldpausch,Ted R. Feldpausch,Emanuel Gloor,Timothy R. Baker,Jon Lloyd,Jon Lloyd,Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez,Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza,Yadvinder Malhi,Simon L. Lewis,Simon L. Lewis,R. Vásquez Martínez,Miguel Alexiades,E. Alvarez Dávila,Patricia Alvarez-Loayza,Ana Andrade,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,Alejandro Araujo-Murakami,Eric Arets,Luzmila Arroyo,Olaf Bánki,Christopher Baraloto,Christopher Baraloto,Jorcely Barroso,Damien Bonal,René G. A. Boot,José Luís Camargo,Carolina V. Castilho,V. Chama,Kuo-Jung Chao,Kuo-Jung Chao,Jérôme Chave,James A. Comiskey,F. Cornejo Valverde,L da Costa,E. A. de Oliveira,A. Di Fiore,Terry L. Erwin,Sophie Fauset,Mônica Forsthofer,David W. Galbraith,E S Grahame,Nikée Groot,Bruno Hérault,Niro Higuchi,E.N. Honorio Coronado,E.N. Honorio Coronado,Helen C. Keeling,Timothy J. Killeen,William F. Laurance,Susan G. Laurance,Juan Carlos Licona,W E Magnussen,Beatriz Schwantes Marimon,Ben Hur Marimon-Junior,Casimiro Mendoza,David A. Neill,Euler Melo Nogueira,Pablo Núñez,N. C. Pallqui Camacho,Alexander Parada,G. Pardo-Molina,Julie Peacock,Marielos Peña-Claros,Georgia Pickavance,Nigel C. A. Pitman,Nigel C. A. Pitman,Lourens Poorter,Adriana Prieto,Carlos A. Quesada,Fredy Ramírez,Hirma Ramírez-Angulo,Zorayda Restrepo,Anand Roopsind,Agustín Rudas,Rafael de Paiva Salomão,Michael P. Schwarz,Natalino Silva,Javier E. Silva-Espejo,Marcos Silveira,Juliana Stropp,Joey Talbot,H. ter Steege,H. ter Steege,J Teran-Aguilar,John Terborgh,Raquel Thomas-Caesar,Marisol Toledo,Mireia Torello-Raventos,Ricardo Keichi Umetsu,G. M. F. van der Heijden,G. M. F. van der Heijden,G. M. F. van der Heijden,P. van der Hout,I. C. Guimarães Vieira,Simone Aparecida Vieira,Emilio Vilanova,Vincent A. Vos,Roderick Zagt +101 more
TL;DR: It is confirmed that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, but the observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models
Journal ArticleDOI
The Structure, Distribution, and Biomass of the World's Forests
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the environmental factors controlling the structure and distribution of forests and evaluate their current and future trajectory, concluding that forest biomass is a complex property affected by forest distribution, structure, and ecological processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Land-use and climate change risks in the Amazon and the need of a novel sustainable development paradigm.
Carlos A. Nobre,Gilvan Sampaio,Laura S. Borma,Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio,José Salomão Oliveira Silva,Manoel Cardoso +5 more
TL;DR: This work argues for a new development paradigm away from only attempting to reconcile maximizing conservation versus intensification of traditional agriculture and expansion of hydropower capacity that sees the Amazon as a global public good of biological assets that can enable the creation of innovative high-value products, services, and platforms through combining advanced digital, biological, and material technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in progress.
Journal ArticleDOI
An integrated pan‐tropical biomass map using multiple reference datasets
Valerio Avitabile,Martin Herold,Gerard B. M. Heuvelink,Simon L. Lewis,Simon L. Lewis,Oliver L. Phillips,Gregory P. Asner,John Armston,Peter S. Ashton,Peter S. Ashton,Lindsay F. Banin,Nicolas Bayol,Nicholas J. Berry,Pascal Boeckx,Bernardus H. J. de Jong,Ben DeVries,Cécile A. J. Girardin,Elizabeth Kearsley,Elizabeth Kearsley,Jeremy A. Lindsell,Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez,Richard Lucas,Yadvinder Malhi,Alexandra C. Morel,Edward T. A. Mitchard,Laszlo Nagy,Lan Qie,Marcela J. Quinones,Casey M. Ryan,Slik J.W. Ferry,Terry Sunderland,Gaia Vaglio Laurin,Roberto Cazzolla Gatti,Riccardo Valentini,Hans Verbeeck,Arief Wijaya,Simon Willcock +36 more
TL;DR: The fusion method can be applied at any scale including the policy-relevant national level, where it can provide improved biomass estimates by integrating existing regional biomass maps as input maps and additional, country-specific reference datasets.
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