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Showing papers on "Stark effect published in 2011"


Journal ArticleDOI
14 Oct 2011-Science
TL;DR: Fine details of atomic-scale electron motion, such as the instantaneous rate of tunneling, the initial charge distribution of a valence-shell wavepacket, the attosecond dynamic shift of its energy levels, and its few-femtosecond coherent oscillations are revealed.
Abstract: Manipulation of electron dynamics calls for electromagnetic forces that can be confined to and controlled over sub-femtosecond time intervals. Tailored transients of light fields can provide these forces. We report on the generation of subcycle field transients spanning the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet frequency regimes with a 1.5-octave three-channel optical field synthesizer and their attosecond sampling. To demonstrate applicability, we field-ionized krypton atoms within a single wave crest and launched a valence-shell electron wavepacket with a well-defined initial phase. Half-cycle field excitation and attosecond probing revealed fine details of atomic-scale electron motion, such as the instantaneous rate of tunneling, the initial charge distribution of a valence-shell wavepacket, the attosecond dynamic shift (instantaneous ac Stark shift) of its energy levels, and its few-femtosecond coherent oscillations.

523 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work demonstrates precise control over the zero-phonon optical transition energies of individual nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond by applying multiaxis electric fields, via the dc Stark effect, to facilitate the integration of NV-center spins within photonic networks.
Abstract: We demonstrate precise control over the zero-phonon optical transition energies of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond by applying multiaxis electric fields, via the dc Stark effect The Stark shifts display surprising asymmetries that we attribute to an enhancement and rectification of the local electric field by photoionized charge traps in the diamond Using this effect, we tune the excited-state orbitals of strained NV centers to degeneracy and vary the resulting degenerate optical transition frequency by >10 GHz, a scale comparable to the inhomogeneous frequency distribution This technique will facilitate the integration of NV-center spins within photonic networks

128 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an electric field that rotates at radio frequencies was proposed to perform high-resolution molecular spectroscopy on a trapped diatomic molecular ion with a ground or metastable 3 D1 level.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results provide quantitative measurements of the magnitude of electric fields and electrostatic binding energies in these interactions and suggest that electrostatics dominate them.

95 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the excitation wavelength on the density evolution of laser-produced tin plasmas, both experimentally and numerically, was investigated, and it was shown that the source wavelength determines the initial density of the plasma, as well the plume expansion dynamics.
Abstract: We investigated the effect of the excitation wavelength on the density evolution of laser-produced tin plasmas, both experimentally and numerically. For producing plasmas, Sn targets were excited with either 10.6 μm CO2 laser or 1.06 μm Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet laser; both are considered to be potential excitation lasers for extreme ultraviolet lithography laser-produced plasma light sources. The electron density of the plasma during the isothermal expansion regime was estimated using an interferometric technique. The Stark broadening of isolated singly-ionized emission was employed for deducing the density during the plasma adiabatic expansion regime. Our results indicate that the excitation source wavelength determines the initial density of the plasma, as well the plume expansion dynamics. Numerical simulation using HEIGHTS simulation package agrees well with the experimentally measured density profile.

91 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet operating in the bullet/streamer mode has been studied using optical emission spectroscopy, and the electric field strength distribution is measured using Stark polarization spectrograms of He I 492.19nm line.
Abstract: Atmospheric-pressure helium plasma jet operating in the bullet/streamer mode has been studied using optical emission spectroscopy. Electric field strength distribution is measured using Stark polarization spectroscopy of He I 492.19 nm line. It is shown that the electric field is almost constant along the jet axis. Measured electric field distribution is in agreement with theoretical predictions of streamer propagation in helium jets at atmospheric pressure. Obtained radial distribution of the axial electric field shows that the ring-shaped structure of the light emission is a consequence of such electric field distribution.

90 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The vibrational Stark tuning rates of the CO, CN, and CF stretch modes are calculated and found that they are in good agreement with the experimental results found in literatures, confirming that a collection of properly chosen distributed interaction sites can be an excellent electric antenna sensing local electrostatics that affects on vibrational frequencies of IR probe modes.
Abstract: Solvatochromic vibrational frequency shifts of a few different infrared (IR) probe molecules have been studied by carrying out quantum chemistry calculations for a number of their water clusters. We are particularly focused on the vibrational solvatochromic and electrochromic effects on the CO, CN, and CF stretch modes in carbon monoxide, acetone, 4-cyanopyridine, p-tolunitrile, fluorobenzene, and 3-fluoropyridine. Using multiple interaction site antenna model, we show that their solvatochromic vibrational frequency shifts can be successfully described by considering spatially nonuniform electrostatic potential generated by the surrounding water molecules. It turns out that the CO and CF stretch mode frequencies are approximately proportional to the solvent electric field projected onto the bond axes, whereas the vibrational frequencies of the nitrile stretch mode in 4-cyanopyridine and p-tolunitrile are not. Consequently, it is confirmed that the vibrational Stark tuning rates of the CO and CF stretching modes can be directly used to describe their solvatochromic frequency shifts in condensed phases. However, the nitrile stretch mode frequency shift induced by solvent electrostatic potential appears to be more complicated than its electrochromic phenomenon. To examine the validity of the distributed interaction site model for solvatochromic frequency shifts of these vibrational chromophores, we thus calculated the vibrational Stark tuning rates of the CO, CN, and CF stretch modes and found that they are in good agreement with the experimental results found in literatures. This confirms that a collection of properly chosen distributed interaction sites can be an excellent electric antenna sensing local electrostatics that affects on vibrational frequencies of IR probe modes.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The electrochemical vibrational and energy properties of CO/Pt(111) in the framework of periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and an analysis of the origin of Stark shifts showing that the total Stark effect can be split into two competing components.
Abstract: We have studied electrochemical vibrational and energy properties of CO/Pt(111) in the framework of periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We have used a modified version of the previously developed Filhol–Neurock method to correct the unphysical contributions arising from homogeneous background countercharge in the case of thick metallic slabs. The stability of different CO adsorption sites on Pt(111) (Top, Bridge, Hcp, Fcc) has been studied at constant electric field. The energies are dominated by the surface dipole interaction with the external electric field: a strong positive electric field favors the surfaces with the lower dipole moment (that correspond to the ones with the lower coordination). The Stark tuning slope of the CO stretching frequency for a Top site was calculated for different surface coverages in very good agreement with both experimental and other theoretical results. Finally, we have performed an analysis of the origin of Stark shifts showing that the total Stark effect can be split into two competing components. The first one corresponds to the direct effect of charging on the C–O chemical bond: it is referred as an electrochemical effect. The second is the consequence of the surface dipole interaction with the applied electric field that modifies the C–O distance, inducing a change of the C–O force constant because of C–O bond anharmonicity: it is referred as the electromechanical effect. In the CO/Pt(111) case, the dominant contribution is electromechanical. The electrochemical contribution is very small because the electronic system involved in the surface charging is mostly non-bonding as analyzed by looking at the surface Fukui function.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The dynamic Stark effect is the quasistatic shift in energy levels due to the application of optical fields as mentioned in this paper, which can be applied on rapid time scales and with high energies, comparable to those of atoms and molecules themselves.
Abstract: The dynamic Stark effect is the quasistatic shift in energy levels due to the application of optical fields. The effect is in many ways similar to the static Stark effect. However, the dynamic Stark effect can be applied on rapid time scales and with high energies, comparable to those of atoms and molecules themselves. The dynamic Stark effect due to nonresonant laser fields is used in a myriad of contemporary experiments to hold and align molecules, to shape potential energy surfaces, and to make rapid transient birefringence. Five approaches of increasing sophistication are used to describe the dynamic Stark effect. One application, molecular alignment, is summarized and a comparison is made between the dynamic Stark effect and Stokes light generation in a Raman scattering process.

77 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Differences in both the bonded- and the free-OH regions of the spectra for these ions are attributable to ion-induced patterning of the water network that extends to the surface of the clusters, which includes water molecules in the third and fourth solvation shells.
Abstract: Ensemble infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectra in the hydrogen stretch region (∼2950-3800 cm(-1)) are reported for M(H(2)O)(35-37), with M = I(-), Cl(-), HCO(3)(-), OH(-), tetrabutyl-, tetrapropyl-, and tetramethylammonium, Cs(+), Na(+), Li(+), H(+), Ba(2+), Ca(2+), Co(2+), Mg(2+), La(3+), and Tm(3+), at 133 K. A single, broad feature is observed in the bonded-OH region of the spectra that indicates that the water network in these clusters is bulk-like and likely resembles liquid water more strongly than ice. The free-OH region for all of these clusters is dominated by peaks corresponding to water molecules that accept two and donate one hydrogen bond (AAD water molecules), indicating that AAD water molecules are more abundant at the surface of these ions than AD water molecules. A-only water molecules are present in significant abundance only for the trivalent metal cations. The frequency of the AAD free-OH stretch band shifts nearly linearly with the charge state of the ion, consistent with a Stark shift attributable to the ion's electric field. From these data, a frequency range of 3704.9-3709.7 cm(-1) is extrapolated for the free-OH of AAD water molecules at the (uncharged) bulk liquid water surface, consistent with sum-frequency generation spectroscopy experiments. Differences in both the bonded- and the free-OH regions of the spectra for these ions are attributable to ion-induced patterning of the water network that extends to the surface of the clusters, which includes water molecules in the third and fourth solvation shells; that is, these ions pattern water molecules at long distance to various extents. These spectra are simulated using two different electrostatic models previously used to calculate OH-stretch spectra of bulk water and aqueous solutions and parametrized for bonded-OH frequencies. These models qualitatively reproduce a number of features in the experimental spectra, although it is evident that more sophisticated treatment of water molecule and ion polarizability and vibrational coupling is necessary for more quantitative comparisons.

73 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the first direct measurement of the membrane dipole electrostatic field in lipid bicelles using vibrational Stark effect spectroscopy was presented, in which a nitrile oscillator's vibrational frequency changes in response to its local electrostatic environment.
Abstract: Electrostatic fields in lipid bilayer membranes influence the structure and function of membrane-associated proteins. We present here the first direct measurement of the membrane dipole electrostatic field in lipid bicelles using vibrational Stark effect spectroscopy, in which a nitrile oscillator’s vibrational frequency changes in response to its local electrostatic environment. We synthesized α-helical peptides containing the unnatural amino acid p-cyanophenylalanine (CN-Phe) at four locations along the helix. This peptide was intercalated into bicelles 5 and 15 nm in radius composed of mixtures of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC). Changes in the vibrational absorption energy of the nitrile probe at each position along the helical axis were used to determine changes in the local electrostatic field of the probe. We measured the magnitude of the membrane dipole electrostatic field to be −6 MV/cm, changing rapidly near the membrane su...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the use of polar symmetric top molecules for quantum computing using rotational states of polar molecules as qubits, and they show that the effect of the Stark effect is second-order.
Abstract: Proposals for quantum computing using rotational states of polar molecules as qubits have previously considered only diatomic molecules. For these the Stark effect is second-order, so a sizable external electric field is required to produce the requisite dipole moments in the laboratory frame. Here we consider use of polar symmetric top molecules. These offer advantages resulting from a first-order Stark effect, which renders the effective dipole moments nearly independent of the field strength. That permits use of much lower external field strengths for addressing sites. Moreover, for a particular choice of qubits, the electric dipole interactions become isomorphous with NMR systems for which many techniques enhancing logic gate operations have been developed. Also inviting is the wider chemical scope, since many symmetric top organic molecules provide options for auxiliary storage qubits in spin and hyperfine structure or in internal rotation states.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Modulation of the absorption coefficient at 1.3 μm in Ge/SiGe multiple quantum well heterostructures on silicon via the quantum-confined Stark effect is reported, increasing the direct optical bandgap in the Ge quantum wells.
Abstract: We report modulation of the absorption coefficient at 1.3 μm in Ge/SiGe multiple quantum well heterostructures on silicon via the quantum-confined Stark effect. Strain engineering was exploited to increase the direct optical bandgap in the Ge quantum wells. We grew 9 nm-thick Ge quantum wells on a relaxed Si0.22Ge0.78 buffer and a contrast in the absorption coefficient of a factor of greater than 3.2 was achieved in the spectral range 1290–1315 nm.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report experimental storage and retrieval of weak coherent states of light at telecommunication wavelengths using erbium ions doped into a solid, using two photon-echo-based quantum storage protocols.
Abstract: We report experimental storage and retrieval of weak coherent states of light at telecommunication wavelengths using erbium ions doped into a solid. We use two photon-echo-based quantum storage protocols. The first one is based on controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening (CRIB). It allows the retrieval of the light on demand by controlling the collective atomic coherence with an external electric field, via the linear Stark effect. We study how atoms in the excited state affect the signal-to-noise ratio of the CRIB memory. Additionally we show how CRIB can be used to modify the temporal width of the retrieved light pulse. The second protocol is based on atomic frequency combs. Using this protocol we verify that the reversible mapping is phase preserving by performing an interference experiment with a local oscillator. These measurements are enabling steps toward solid-state quantum memories at telecommunication wavelengths. We also give an outlook on possible improvements.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that the presence of oxidized dye molecules induces major spectral changes on the adjacent neutral dyes, which, along with the simulated effect of injected charge into TiO2, provide Stark shifts nicely reproducing the experimental observations.
Abstract: We report a computational modeling study, based on DFT and time-dependent DFT techniques, to investigate the origin and the effect of local electric fields on the optical properties of organic dye-sensitized heterointerfaces, examining the case of the indoline D149 sensitizer on TiO2. On the one hand, we give precise information about the anchoring mode of D149 and its orientation with respect to the TiO2 surface, and on the other hand, we provide the computational framework model to interpret the Stark shifts experimentally observed by PIA spectroscopy. Our results show that the presence of oxidized dye molecules induces major spectral changes on the adjacent neutral dyes, which, along with the simulated effect of injected charge into TiO2, provide Stark shifts nicely reproducing the experimental observations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nonadiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics including spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and laser fields is investigated as a general tool for studies of excited-state processes and triplet states can now be treated within the given framework.
Abstract: Nonadiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) including spin–orbit coupling (SOC) and laser fields is investigated as a general tool for studies of excited-state processes. Up to now, SOCs are not included in standard ab initio MD packages. Therefore, transitions to triplet states cannot be treated in a straightforward way. Nevertheless, triplet states play an important role in a large variety of systems and can now be treated within the given framework. The laser interaction is treated on a non-perturbative level that allows nonlinear effects like strong Stark shifts to be considered. As MD allows for the handling of many atoms, the interplay between triplet and singlet states of large molecular systems will be accessible. In order to test the method, IBr is taken as a model system, where SOC plays a crucial role for the shape of the potential curves and thus the dynamics. Moreover, the influence of the nonresonant dynamic Stark effect is considered. The latter is capable of controlling reaction barriers by electric fields in time-reversible conditions, and thus a control laser using this effect acts like a photonic catalyst. In the IBr molecule, the branching ratio at an avoided crossing, which arises from SOC, can be influenced.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of developments using the nonresonant dynamic Stark effect within the fields of time-resolved molecular dynamics and quantum control, with particular emphasis on the notion that "dynamics" and "control" are not distinct disciplines.
Abstract: We present an overview of developments using the nonresonant dynamic Stark effect within the fields of time-resolved molecular dynamics and quantum control, drawing on examples from our own recent ...


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the spatial evolution of the copper plume produced by the fundamental harmonic (1064) and second harmonic (532) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the yield of strong-field ionization, by a linearly polarized probe pulse, is studied experimentally and theoretically, as a function of the relative orientation between the laser field and the molecule.
Abstract: The yield of strong-field ionization, by a linearly polarized probe pulse, is studied experimentally and theoretically, as a function of the relative orientation between the laser field and the molecule Experimentally, carbonyl sulfide, benzonitrile and naphthalene molecules are aligned in one or three dimensions before being singly ionized by a 30 fs laser pulse centered at 800 nm Theoretically, we address the behaviour of these three molecules We consider the degree of alignment and orientation and model the angular dependence of the total ionization yield by molecular tunneling theory accounting for the Stark shift of the energy level of the ionizing orbital For naphthalene and benzonitrile the orientational dependence of the ionization yield agrees well with the calculated results, in particular the observation that ionization is maximized when the probe laser is polarized along the most polarizable axis For OCS the observation of maximum ionization yield when the probe is perpendicular to the internuclear axis contrasts the theoretical results

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Polar symmetric top organic molecules offer advantages resulting from a first-order Stark effect, which renders the effective dipole moments nearly independent of the field strength, which permits use of much lower external field strengths for addressing sites.
Abstract: Proposals for quantum computing using rotational states of polar molecules as qubits have previously considered only diatomic molecules. For these the Stark effect is second-order, so a sizable external electric field is required to produce the requisite dipole moments in the laboratory frame. Here we consider use of polar symmetric top molecules. These offer advantages resulting from a first-order Stark effect, which renders the effective dipole moments nearly independent of the field strength. That permits use of much lower external field strengths for addressing sites. Moreover, for a particular choice of qubits, the electric dipole interactions become isomorphous with NMR systems for which many techniques enhancing logic gate operations have been developed. Also inviting is the wider chemical scope, since many symmetric top organic molecules provide options for auxiliary storage qubits in spin and hyperfine structure or in internal rotation states.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the emission spectra of single GaN nanowires with (In,Ga)N insertions were analyzed using both microphotoluminescence and cathodoluminecence spectroscopy.
Abstract: We analyze the emission of single GaN nanowires with (In,Ga)N insertions using both microphotoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The emission spectra are dominated by a green luminescence band that is strongly blueshifted with increasing excitation density. In conjunction with finite-element simulations of the structure to obtain the piezoelectric polarization, these results demonstrate that our (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire heterostructures are subject to the quantum-confined Stark effect. Additional sharp peaks in the spectra, which do not shift with excitation density, are attributed to emission from localized states created by compositional fluctuations in the ternary (In,Ga)N alloy.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, a superconducting qubit was coupled to a nonlinear resonator driven by a pump microwave field, and the corresponding dephasing rate was found to be close to the quantum limit in the low-gain limit of the amplifier.
Abstract: We have performed spectroscopic measurements of a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a nonlinear resonator driven by a pump microwave field. Measurements of the qubit frequency shift provide a sensitive probe of the intracavity field, yielding a precise characterization of the resonator nonlinearity. The qubit linewidth has a complex dependence on the pump frequency and amplitude, which is correlated with the gain of the nonlinear resonator operated as a small-signal amplifier. The corresponding dephasing rate is found to be close to the quantum limit in the low-gain limit of the amplifier.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Under collision-free conditions, the calculations show that it is possible to achieve complete population transfer to an excited vibrational level (v > 0) of the H(2) molecule in its ground electronic state.
Abstract: We propose a method based on Stark-induced adiabatic Raman passage (SARP) for preparing vibrationally excited molecules with known orientation and alignment for future dynamical stereochemistry studies. This method utilizes the (J, M)-state dependent dynamic Stark shifts of rovibrational levels induced by delayed but overlapping pump and Stokes pulses of unequal intensities. Under collision-free conditions, our calculations show that we can achieve complete population transfer to an excited vibrational level (v > 0) of the H2 molecule in its ground electronic state. Specifically, the H2 (v = 1, J = 2, M = 0) level can be prepared with complete population transfer from the (v = 0, J = 0, M = 0) level using the S(0) branch of the Raman transition with visible pump and Stoke laser pulses, each polarized parallel to the z axis (uniaxial π − π Raman pumping). Similarly, H2 (v = 1, J = 2, M = ±2) can be prepared using SARP with a left circularly polarized pump and a right circularly (or vice versa) polarized S...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These simulations provide a quantitatively satisfactory description of the experimental data and demonstrate that particle loss caused by adiabatic traversals of avoided crossings between adjacent |M(J)| = 3 Stark states of H(2) is small at principal quantum numbers beyond n = 25.
Abstract: Translationally cold H2 molecules excited to non-penetrating |MJ| = 3 Rydberg states of principal quantum number in the range 21–37 have been decelerated and trapped using time-dependent inhomogeneous electric fields. The |MJ| = 3 Rydberg states were prepared from the X 1Σ+g(v = 0, J = 0) ground state using a resonant three-photon excitation sequence via the B 1Σ+u(v = 3, J = 1) and I 1Πg (v = 0, J = 2) intermediate states and circularly polarized laser radiation. The circular polarization of the vacuum ultraviolet radiation used for the B ← X transition was generated by resonance-enhanced four-wave mixing in xenon and the degree of circular polarization was determined to be 96%. To analyse the deceleration and trapping experiments, the Stark effect in Rydberg states of molecular hydrogen was calculated using a matrix diagonalization procedure similar to that presented by Yamakita et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2004, 121, 1419. Particular attention was given to the prediction of zero-field positions of low- states and of avoided crossings between Rydberg–Stark states with different values of |MJ|. The calculated Stark maps and probabilities for diabatic traversal of the avoided crossings were used as input to Monte-Carlo particle-trajectory simulations. These simulations provide a quantitatively satisfactory description of the experimental data and demonstrate that particle loss caused by adiabatic traversals of avoided crossings between adjacent |MJ| = 3 Stark states of H2 is small at principal quantum numbers beyond n = 25. The main source of trap losses was found to be from collisional processes. Predissociation following the absorption of blackbody radiation is estimated to be the second most important trap-loss mechanism at room temperature, and trap loss by spontaneous emission is negligible under our experimental conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the electronic reorganization during and after excitation by an intense ultrashort pulse is computed for LiH in a many-electron multireference time-dependent approach at a fixed nuclear geometry.
Abstract: Electronic reorganization during and after excitation by an intense ultrashort pulse is computed for LiH in a many-electron multireference time-dependent approach at a fixed nuclear geometry. The electronic dipole moment is used to probe the temporal response of the charge density. Above a field-strength threshold, there is an extensive Stark shifting and Rabi broadening of levels with corresponding distortion of the charge distribution whose response at strong fields is neither adiabatic nor diabatic. A nonresonant IR pulse is more effective in inducing charge shake-up during the pulse.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the rotational transitions of iso-propyl cyanide, (CH3)2CHCN, also known as iso-butyronitrile, were recorded using long-path absorption spectroscopy in selected regions between 37 and 600 GHz.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of a single-crystal Czochralski-grown garnet, Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG), were reported.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate large cavityenhanced optical Stark shifts for a single quantum dot coupled to a photonic crystal cavity, achieving a maximum Stark shift of 20 GHz with extremely low cavity field energies of only ten photons.
Abstract: We demonstrate large cavity-enhanced optical Stark shifts for a single quantum dot (QD) coupled to a photonic crystal cavity. A maximum Stark shift of 20 GHz is observed for a QD detuned by 104 GHz from the cavity mode. These Stark shifts are attained with extremely low cavity field energies of only ten photons. The changes in the QD emission wavelength are monitored via nonresonant transfer between the QD and cavity mode. Experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions based on the solution to the full master equation and found to be in excellent agreement.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the energy of any spin state of a Mn atom can be independently tuned by using the optical Stark effect induced by a control laser.
Abstract: We report on the observation of spin-dependent optically dressed states and the optical Stark effect on an individual Mn spin in a semiconductor quantum dot. The vacuum-to-exciton or the exciton-to-biexciton transitions in a Mn-doped quantum dot are optically dressed by a strong laser field, and the resulting spectral signature is measured in photoluminescence. We demonstrate that the energy of any spin state of a Mn atom can be independently tuned by using the optical Stark effect induced by a control laser. High resolution spectroscopy reveals a power-, polarization-, and detuning-dependent Autler-Townes splitting of each optical transition of the Mn-doped quantum dot. This experiment demonstrates an optical resonant control of the exciton-Mn system.