Showing papers by "Charles B. Eaton published in 2020"
A. Mesut Erzurumluoglu1, Mengzhen Liu2, Victoria E. Jackson3, Victoria E. Jackson1 +203 more•Institutions (65)
TL;DR: The novel loci will facilitate understanding the genetic aetiology of smoking behaviour and may lead to the identification of potential drug targets for smoking prevention and/or cessation.
Abstract: Smoking is a major heritable and modifiable risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, common respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Fourteen genetic loci have previously been ass ...
82 citations
TL;DR: Animal models that induce meniscal damage in the presence of other risk factors or create an incongruent distribution of loading on joints create an accelerated form of osteoarthritis compared to other models and may offer insights into AKOA.
Abstract: Osteoarthritis is generally a slowly progressive disorder. However, at least 1 in 7 people with incident knee osteoarthritis develop an abrupt progression to advanced-stage radiographic disease, many within 12 months. We summarize what is known – primarily based on findings from the Osteoarthritis Initiative – about the risk factors and natural history of accelerated knee osteoarthritis (AKOA) – defined as a transition from no radiographic knee osteoarthritis to advanced-stage disease < 4 years – and put these findings in context with typical osteoarthritis (slowly progressing disease), aging, prior case reports/series, and relevant animal models. Risk factors in the 2 to 4 years before radiographic manifestation of AKOA (onset) include older age, higher body mass index, altered joint alignment, contralateral osteoarthritis, greater pre-radiographic disease burden (structural, symptoms, and function), or low fasting glucose. One to 2 years before AKOA onset people often exhibit rapid articular cartilage loss, larger bone marrow lesions and effusion-synovitis, more meniscal pathology, slower chair-stand or walking pace, and increased global impact of arthritis than adults with typical knee osteoarthritis. Increased joint symptoms predispose a person to new joint trauma, which for someone who develops AKOA is often characterized by a destabilizing meniscal tear (e.g., radial or root tear). One in 7 people with AKOA onset subsequently receive a knee replacement during a 9-year period. The median time from any increase in radiographic severity to knee replacement is only 2.3 years. Despite some similarities, AKOA is different than other rapidly progressive arthropathies and collapsing these phenomena together or extracting results from one type of osteoarthritis to another should be avoided until further research comparing these types of osteoarthritis is conducted. Animal models that induce meniscal damage in the presence of other risk factors or create an incongruent distribution of loading on joints create an accelerated form of osteoarthritis compared to other models and may offer insights into AKOA. Accelerated knee osteoarthritis is unique from typical knee osteoarthritis. The incidence of AKOA in the Osteoarthritis Initiative and Chingford Study is substantial. AKOA needs to be taken into account and studied in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.
71 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a fixed effects meta-analysis of up to 61 studies (up to 346,813 participants) was performed to investigate the association of SNVs with smoking behavior traits.
Abstract: Smoking is a major heritable and modifiable risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, common respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Fourteen genetic loci have previously been associated with smoking behaviour-related traits. We tested up to 235,116 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) on the exome-array for association with smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, pack-years, and smoking cessation in a fixed effects meta-analysis of up to 61 studies (up to 346,813 participants). In a subset of 112,811 participants, a further one million SNVs were also genotyped and tested for association with the four smoking behaviour traits. SNV-trait associations with P < 5 × 10−8 in either analysis were taken forward for replication in up to 275,596 independent participants from UK Biobank. Lastly, a meta-analysis of the discovery and replication studies was performed. Sixteen SNVs were associated with at least one of the smoking behaviour traits (P < 5 × 10−8) in the discovery samples. Ten novel SNVs, including rs12616219 near TMEM182, were followed-up and five of them (rs462779 in REV3L, rs12780116 in CNNM2, rs1190736 in GPR101, rs11539157 in PJA1, and rs12616219 near TMEM182) replicated at a Bonferroni significance threshold (P < 4.5 × 10−3) with consistent direction of effect. A further 35 SNVs were associated with smoking behaviour traits in the discovery plus replication meta-analysis (up to 622,409 participants) including a rare SNV, rs150493199, in CCDC141 and two low-frequency SNVs in CEP350 and HDGFRP2. Functional follow-up implied that decreased expression of REV3L may lower the probability of smoking initiation. The novel loci will facilitate understanding the genetic aetiology of smoking behaviour and may lead to the identification of potential drug targets for smoking prevention and/or cessation.
54 citations
TL;DR: A pattern of modest positive associations of gestational PFOA and PFHxS concentrations with central adiposity and the risk of obesity in adolescents is observed, while no pattern was observed for postnatal PFAS concentrations.
Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure may increase adiposity and obesity risk in children. However, no studies have extended these findings into adolescence or identified periods of heightened susceptibility. We estimated associations of repeated pre- and postnatal serum PFAS concentrations with adolescent adiposity and risk of overweight/obesity. We studied 212 mother-offspring pairs from the HOME Study. We quantified serum concentrations of four PFAS in mothers at ∼16 week gestation and their children at birth and ages 3, 8, and 12 years. We assessed adiposity at 12 years using anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Using multiple informant models, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations of an interquartile range (IQR) increase in log2-transformed PFAS for each time period with adiposity measures and tested differences in these associations. Serum perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) concentrations during pregnancy were associated with modest increases in central adiposity and risk of overweight/obesity, but there was no consistent pattern for postnatal concentrations. We observed nonlinear associations between PFOA in pregnancy and some measures of adiposity. Overall, we observed a pattern of modest positive associations of gestational PFOA and PFHxS concentrations with central adiposity and the risk of obesity in adolescents, while no pattern was observed for postnatal PFAS concentrations.
26 citations
TL;DR: Adherence to a Western dietary pattern was associated with increased radiographic and symptomatic KOA progression, while following a prudent pattern wasassociated with reduced progression.
24 citations
TL;DR: The study suggests that the perinatal period may be a critical time-period where living closer to green spaces may lower hypertension risk in adulthood, but not obesity.
23 citations
TL;DR: Compared to women with no history of thyroid disorder, hypothyroidism was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, mainly seen among those who received thyroid replacement therapy and had never used menopausal hormone therapy.
Abstract: Background: The association between thyroid disorders and breast cancer remains controversial, in part, due to small cohort sizes and inconsistent findings. We investigated this association in post...
17 citations
TL;DR: Postmenopausal HT did not alter the risk of hospitalization for HF or its subtypes during the intervention or cumulative 18.9 years of follow-up, and results did not vary significantly by age at randomization.
16 citations
TL;DR: In a community-based cohort, > 1 in 7 women with incident KOA had AKOA, and like the Osteoarthritis Initiative, people with AKOA were more likely to have greater age and BMI.
Abstract: Prior research on accelerated knee osteoarthritis (AKOA) was primarily confined to the Osteoarthritis Initiative, which was enriched with people with risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). It is unclear how often AKOA develops in a community-based cohort and whether we can replicate prior findings from the Osteoarthritis Initiative in another cohort. Hence, we determined the incidence and characteristics of AKOA among women in the Chingford Study, which is a prospective community-based cohort. The Chingford Study had 1003 women with quinquennial knee radiographs over 15 years. We divided the 15-year observation period into three consecutive 5-year phases. Within each 5-year phase, we selected 3 groups of participants among women who started a phase without KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] 1 in 7 women with incident KOA had AKOA. Like the Osteoarthritis Initiative, people with AKOA were more likely to have greater age and BMI.
16 citations
TL;DR: Distinct metabolite signatures associated with Western and Prudent dietary patterns highlight the positive association of mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid dysregulation with a WD and the inverse association with a PD.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that all such Picard groups are finite and Picent, the group of Morita auto-equivalences fixing the centre, is trivial, and general results concerning Picard groups of blocks with normal defect groups as well as some other cases.
TL;DR: Results support serum CIR-AAs in combination with participant characteristics as potential biomarkers of AS intake in US populations, including those with low AS intake.
Abstract: BACKGROUND The carbon isotope ratio (CIR) is a proposed biomarker for added sugar (AS) intake in the United States; however, because the CIR is also associated with meat intake in most populations the need for specificity remains. The CIR of amino acids (AAs) has the potential to differentiate sugars from meat intakes, because essential AAs must derive from dietary protein whereas certain nonessential AAs can be synthesized from sugars. OBJECTIVES We tested whether serum CIR-AAs in combination with participant characteristics could meet a prespecified biomarker criterion for AS intake in the Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Feeding Study (NPAAS-FS) of the Women's Health Initiative, a population in which the whole-serum CIR was not associated with AS intake. METHODS Postmenopausal women (n = 145) from Seattle, WA, were provided with individualized diets that approximated their habitual food intakes for 2 wk. Dietary intakes from consumed foods were characterized over the feeding period using the Nutrition Data System for Research. The CIR of 7 AAs-Ala, Gly, Val, Leu, Ile, Pro, and Phe-were measured in fasting serum collected at the end of the 2-wk feeding period, using gas chromatography-combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Biomarker models were evaluated using regression R2 ≥ 0.36 as a major biomarker criterion, based on the benchmark R2 values of well-established recovery biomarkers in the NPAAS-FS. RESULTS AS intake was associated with CIR-Ala (ρ = 0.32; P < 0.0001). A model of AS intake based on CIR-Ala, CIR-Gly, CIR-Ile, smoking, leisure physical activity, and body weight met the biomarker criterion (R2 = 0.37). Biomarker-estimated AS intake was not associated with meat or animal protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Results support serum CIR-AAs in combination with participant characteristics as potential biomarkers of AS intake in US populations, including those with low AS intake.The Women's Health Initiative is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00000611).
TL;DR: Irrespective of race/ethnicity, high resilience was associated with CVD-protective health behaviors, and warrants further investigation into whether interventions aimed at improving resilience could increase the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions.
Abstract: Little is known about the relationship between self-reported psychological resilience (resilience) and health behaviors shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examines the associations between resilience and CVD-related risk factors, such as diet, smoking, physical activity, sleep, and alcohol consumption among older American women from diverse backgrounds. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted on 77,395 women (mean age 77 years, Black (N = 4475, 5.8%), non-Hispanic white (N = 69,448, 89.7%), Latina (N = 1891, 2.4%), and Asian or Pacific Islander (N = 1581, 2.0%)) enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Extension Study II. Resilience was measured using an abbreviated version of the brief resilience scale. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between resilience and health behaviors associated with risk for CVD, while adjusting for stressful life events and sociodemographic information. To test whether these associations varied among racial/ethnic groups, an interaction term was added to the fully adjusted models between resilience and race/ethnicity. Results: High levels of resilience were associated with better diet quality (top 2 quintiles of the Healthy Eating Index 2015) (OR = 1.22 (95% Confidence Interval (1.15–1.30)), adhering to recommended physical activity (≥ 150 min per week) (1.56 (1.47, 1.66)), sleeping the recommended hours per night (7–9) (1.36 (1.28–1.44)), and moderate alcohol intake (consuming alcoholic drink(s) 1–7 days per week) (1.28 (1.20–1.37)). The observed association between resilience and sleep is modified by race/ethnicity (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Irrespective of race/ethnicity, high resilience was associated with CVD-protective health behaviors. This warrants further investigation into whether interventions aimed at improving resilience could increase the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions.
TL;DR: PA was associated with a reduced risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality among KTRs, and these observed associations in a large, international sample, even when controlling for traditional CVD risk factors, indicate the potential importance of PA in reducing CVD and death among K TRs.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity (PA) may increase the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but limited research is available. We examine the relationship between PA and the development of CVD events, CVD death and all-cause mortality among KTRs. METHODS A total of 3050 KTRs enrolled in an international homocysteine-lowering randomized controlled trial were examined (38% female; mean age 51.8 ± 9.4 years; 75% white; 20% with prevalent CVD). PA was measured at baseline using a modified Yale Physical Activity Survey, divided into tertiles (T1, T2 and T3) from lowest to highest PA. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to graph the risk of events; Cox proportional hazards regression models examined the association of baseline PA levels with CVD events (e.g. stroke, myocardial infarction), CVD mortality and all-cause mortality over time. RESULTS Participants were followed up to 2500 days (mean 3.7 ± 1.6 years). The cohort experienced 426 CVD events and 357 deaths. Fully adjusted models revealed that, compared to the lowest tertile of PA, the highest tertile experienced a significantly lower risk of CVD events {hazard ratio [HR] 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-0.98]}, CVD mortality [HR 0.58 (95% CI 0.35-0.96)] and all-cause mortality [HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.59-0.98)]. Results were similar in unadjusted models. CONCLUSIONS PA was associated with a reduced risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality among KTRs. These observed associations in a large, international sample, even when controlling for traditional CVD risk factors, indicate the potential importance of PA in reducing CVD and death among KTRs.
TL;DR: An increased melanoma risk associated with citrus juice intake was observed among women who spent the most time outdoors in summer as adults; the HR for the highest versus lowest intake was 1.22 (1.02, 1.46) (p trend = 0.03).
Abstract: Citrus products are rich sources of furocoumarins, a class of photoactive compounds. Certain furocoumarins combined with ultraviolet radiation can induce skin cancer. We examined the relati...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a reduction to quasisimple groups for Donovan's conjecture for blocks with abelian defect groups defined with respect to a suitable discrete valuation ring.
Abstract: We give a reduction to quasisimple groups for Donovan’s conjecture for blocks with abelian defect groups defined with respect to a suitable discrete valuation ring $${\mathcal {O}}$$. Consequences are that Donovan’s conjecture holds for $${\mathcal {O}}$$-blocks with abelian defect groups for the prime two, and that, using recent work of Farrell and Kessar, for arbitrary primes Donovan’s conjecture for $${\mathcal {O}}$$-blocks with abelian defect groups reduces to bounding the Cartan invariants of blocks of quasisimple groups in terms of the defect. A result of independent interest is that in general (i.e. for arbitrary defect groups) Donovan’s conjecture for $${\mathcal {O}}$$-blocks is a consequence of conjectures predicting bounds on the $${\mathcal {O}}$$-Frobenius number and on the Cartan invariants, as was proved by Kessar for blocks defined over an algebraically closed field.
University at Buffalo1, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center2, Brigham and Women's Hospital3, University of California, San Diego4, University of Alabama at Birmingham5, University of Arizona6, University of Tennessee7, University of California, San Francisco8, Brown University9, Stanford University10
TL;DR: Targeted efforts to reduce sedentary behavior could enhance HF prevention in later life, and SB was associated with increased risk of incident HF hospitalization in postmenopausal women.
Abstract: Background: The 2018 US Physical Activity Guidelines recommend reducing sedentary behavior (SB) for cardiovascular health. SB’s role in heart failure (HF) is unclear. Methods: We studied 80 982 wom...
TL;DR: Low magnesium intake in a multiracial cohort of postmenopausal women was associated with a higher risk of incident HF, especially HF with reduced ejection fraction, which did not significantly vary by race.
Abstract: Background Women represent a large proportion of the growing heart failure (HF) epidemic, yet data are lacking regarding optimal dietary and lifestyle prevention strategies for them. Specifically, ...
TL;DR: Following a healthy lifestyle pattern is associated with lower risks of HFpEF and HFrEF among postmenopausal women, separately and as a cumulative lifestyle score, according to diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and body mass index.
University of Massachusetts Medical School1, Tufts Medical Center2, George Washington University3, Tufts University4, University of East Anglia5, Brown University6, Baylor College of Medicine7, Temple University8, Wentworth Institute of Technology9, Pfizer10, Northeastern University11, Brigham and Women's Hospital12
TL;DR: MR-based disease activity and cumulative damage metrics may be prognostic markers to help identify people at risk for accelerated onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis.
Abstract: We aimed to determine if composite structural measures of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) progression on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can predict the radiographic onset of accelerated knee osteoarthritis. We used data from a nested case-control study among participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative without radiographic KOA at baseline. Participants were separated into three groups based on radiographic disease progression over 4 years: 1) accelerated (Kellgren-Lawrence grades [KL] 0/1 to 3/4), 2) typical (increase in KL, excluding accelerated osteoarthritis), or 3) no KOA (no change in KL). We assessed tibiofemoral cartilage damage (four regions: medial/lateral tibia/femur), bone marrow lesion (BML) volume (four regions: medial/lateral tibia/femur), and whole knee effusion-synovitis volume on 3 T MR images with semi-automated programs. We calculated two MR-based composite scores. Cumulative damage was the sum of standardized cartilage damage. Disease activity was the sum of standardized volumes of effusion-synovitis and BMLs. We focused on annual images from 2 years before to 2 years after radiographic onset (or a matched time for those without knee osteoarthritis). To determine between group differences in the composite metrics at all time points, we used generalized linear mixed models with group (3 levels) and time (up to 5 levels). For our prognostic analysis, we used multinomial logistic regression models to determine if one-year worsening in each composite metric change associated with future accelerated knee osteoarthritis (odds ratios [OR] based on units of 1 standard deviation of change). Prior to disease onset, the accelerated KOA group had greater average disease activity compared to the typical and no KOA groups and this persisted up to 2 years after disease onset. During a pre-radiographic disease period, the odds of developing accelerated KOA were greater in people with worsening disease activity [versus typical KOA OR (95% confidence interval [CI]): 1.58 (1.08 to 2.33); versus no KOA: 2.39 (1.55 to 3.71)] or cumulative damage [versus typical KOA: 1.69 (1.14 to 2.51); versus no KOA: 2.11 (1.41 to 3.16)]. MR-based disease activity and cumulative damage metrics may be prognostic markers to help identify people at risk for accelerated onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis.
TL;DR: Evidence of a potential inverse association between dietary magnesium and fatal CHD and a trend of magnesium with SCD in postmenopausal women is provided and future studies should confirm this association and consider clinical trials to test whether magnesium supplementation could reduce fatal heart disease in high-risk individuals.
Abstract: Background: Postmenopausal women represent the highest population-based burden of cardiovascular disease, including sudden cardiac death (SCD). Our understanding of the etiology and risk factors co...
University at Buffalo1, Brigham and Women's Hospital2, University of Würzburg3, University of Illinois at Chicago4, University of California, San Diego5, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center6, University of Arizona7, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center8, George Washington University9, Stanford University10, University of California, Davis11, University of Michigan12, Brown University13
TL;DR: It is shown that walking at guideline-recommended volumes and at faster speeds (≥2 miles per hour) is associated with lower hypertension risk in postmenopausal women and should be encouraged as part of hypertension prevention in older adults.
Abstract: Few studies have evaluated hypertension incidence in relation to walking, which is a common physical activity among adults. We examined the association between walking and hypertension incidence in 83 435 postmenopausal women who at baseline were aged 50 to 79 years, without known hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, or stroke, and reported the ability to walk at least one block without assistance. Walking volume (metabolic equivalent hours per week) and speed (miles per hour) were assessed by questionnaire. Incident physician-diagnosed hypertension treated with medication was ascertained through annual questionnaires. During a mean 11-year follow-up, 38 230 hypertension cases were identified. After adjustment for covariates including nonwalking activities, a significant inverse association with hypertension was observed across categories of baseline walking volume (0 [referent], >0-3.5, 3.6-7.5, and >7.5 metabolic equivalent hours per week), hazard ratio: 1.00 (referent), 0.98, 0.95, 0.89; trend P 4 miles per hour) also were associated with lower hypertension risk, hazard ratio: 1.00 (referent), 1.07, 0.95, 0.86, 0.79; trend P 7.5 metabolic equivalent hours per week) and at faster speeds (≥2 miles per hour) is associated with lower hypertension risk in postmenopausal women. Walking should be encouraged as part of hypertension prevention in older adults.
TL;DR: Among post-menopausal African-American and Hispanic women, a significant proportion remained free from HFH despite having highest genetic risk profile and ≥1 traditional risk factors.
Georgetown University1, Brigham and Women's Hospital2, University of Washington3, University of California, Los Angeles4, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute5, Veterans Health Administration6, University of Alabama at Birmingham7, University of California, San Francisco8, Brown University9, MedStar Health10, George Washington University11, Creighton University12
TL;DR: In postmenopausal women, prevalent HF was not associated with a higher incidence of breast cancer and vice versa, however, the presence of incident invasive breast cancer or incident HF in those with prevalent HF or prevalent breast cancer, respectively, was associated with increased mortality.
Abstract: Background Heart failure (HF) and breast cancer are 2 of the leading causes of death in postmenopausal women. The temporal association between HF and breast cancer in postmenopausal women ...
TL;DR: This is the first large epidemiologic study to suggest that football participation, including in the teen years, may be detrimental towards knee health.
Abstract: Introduction Male youth in the United States commonly participate in gridiron (American) football. There are little data substantiating current popular opinion that it is associated with knee pain or osteoarthritis (OA) later in life. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of football with these outcomes in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). Methods This is a study of male OAI participants with knee x-ray readings, symptom assessments, and completed surveys on lifetime physical activity. The OAI is a multicenter, observational cohort recruited from the community not based on football participation status. A history of exposure to American football was ascertained via self-report. Knee radiographs were scored for Kellgren-Lawrence grade (0-4). Radiographic OA (ROA) was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence ≥ 2 in at least one knee. Frequent knee pain meant at least one knee with frequent knee pain. Symptomatic ROA required at least one knee with both ROA and frequent knee pain. Results A total of 1166 men had a mean age of 63.7 (SD, 9.2) yr and body mass index of 28.6 (SD, 4.2) kg·m. Thirty-one percent (365/1166) played football at some point in their lives, 95% of whom participated from ages 12 to 18 yr. The ORs for symptomatic ROA from the lowest to highest football participation were 1.2, 1.5, and 2.2, respectively (P for trend = 0.004). Findings were similar for football from ages 12 to 18 yr and for outcomes of knee pain and ROA. Conclusion This is the first large epidemiologic study to suggest that football participation, including in the teen years, may be detrimental toward knee health. Prospective studies evaluating football players are warranted.
TL;DR: To date, there have not been any epidemiologic studies that have evaluated the association between swimming over a lifetime and knee health.
Abstract: Background To date, there have not been any epidemiologic studies that have evaluated the association between swimming over a lifetime and knee health. Objective The study aimed to evaluate the relationship of a history of swimming with knee pain, radiographic knee OA (ROA), and symptomatic knee OA (SOA). Design Cross-sectional retrospective study. Setting Four academic centers in the United States. Participants Respondents to the historical physical activity survey within the Osteoarthritis Initiative with knee radiographs and symptom assessments. Methods In this retrospective study nested within the Osteoarthritis Initiative, researchers performed logistic regression with the predictor being swimming over a lifetime and over particular age ranges. Main outcome measurements Person-based definitions of frequent knee pain, ROA, and SOA. Results A total of 2637 participants were included, with a mean age of 64.3 years (SD 8.9), body mass index of 28.4 kg/m2 (SD 4.9), and 44.2% male. Over a lifetime, the adjusted prevalence measures for frequent knee pain, ROA, and SOA for any versus no history of swimming were 36.4% (33.4% - 39.5%) v. 39.9% (37.4% - 42.5%), 54.3% (51.0% - 57.6%) v. 61.1% (58.4% - 63.7%), and 21.9% (19.4% - 24.7%) v. 27.0% (24.7% - 29.4%) respectively. Conclusions This is the first epidemiologic study to indicate that swimming is potentially beneficial toward knee health, particularly when performed earlier in life (before age 35). Future prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and to better scrutinize the associations in older age groups.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that Donovan's conjecture holds for blocks with defect groups of the form $Q_8 \times C_D(D\cap N)N.
Abstract: We consider Donovan's conjecture in the context of blocks of groups $G$ with defect group $D$ and normal subgroups $N \lhd G$ such that $G=C_D(D\cap N)N$, extending similar results for blocks with abelian defect groups As an application we show that Donovan's conjecture holds for blocks with defect groups of the form $Q_8 \times C_{2^n}$ or $Q_8 \times Q_8$ defined over a discrete valuation ring
TL;DR: OSA risk factors and symptoms were associated with HFpEF, but not HFrEF, among postmenopausal women and are largely dependent on BMI, snoring, and hypertension.
Abstract: Study Objectives:The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and heart failure (HF) incidence in postmenopausal women has been understudied, given the limited representation of women in ...