Central Drug Research Institute

About: Central Drug Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Leishmania donovani. The organization has 4357 authors who have published 7257 publications receiving 143871 citations. The organization is also known as: Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow & CDRI.

Updates on immunity and inflammation in Parkinson disease pathology.

Abstract: Studies in the last decade have suggested the association of both neuroinflammatory processes and immune responses in Parkinson disease (PD) pathology. PD pathology is related to depleted dopamine levels, α-synuclein aggregation, and death of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Reports have suggested central and peripheral inflammation in the prodromal stage of the disease, which is sustained during disease progression. Alongside the activation of peripheral immune system exacerbates the dissonant central inflammatory responses and could contribute in synergistic neurodegeneration. Activated glial cells contribute significantly in the neuroinflammatory process during the occurrence of the disease and are also acknowledged as a hallmark of disease progression. However, the contribution of glial cells is not well defined in the context of neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. This review provides an overview of the roles of immune and inflammatory responses and their consequences in PD disease pathogenesis and also discusses possible therapeutic strategies for PD based on these findings.

Reduced CAG repeats length in androgen receptor gene is associated with violent criminal behavior

Abstract: Androgens mediate their functions through androgen receptors (AR) The two triplet repeats in the AR gene (CAG and GGN) are highly polymorphic among various populations and have been extensively studied in diverse clinical conditions and antisocial personality disorders Several studies have reported either higher levels of testosterone among rapists or the correlation of shorter CAG repeats with criminal activities However, to date, no study has analyzed AR gene in rapists worldwide, and no study has been conducted on criminals from Indian subcontinent Therefore, we have analyzed the AR-CAG repeat length in 645 men, of which 241 were convicted for rape, 107 for murder, 26 for both murder and rape, and 271 were control males The aim was to explore if there was any correlation between CAG repeat length and criminal behavior The study revealed significantly shorter CAG repeats in the rapists (mean 1844 repeats) and murderers (mean 1759 repeats) compared to the control men (mean 2119 repeats) The criminals who committed murder after rape had a far shorter mean repeat length (mean 1731 repeats) in comparison to the controls or those convicted of rape or murder alone In short, our study suggests that the reduced CAG repeats in the AR gene are associated with criminal behavior This, along with other studies, would help in understanding the biological factors associated with the antisocial or criminal activities