Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management

About: Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management is a education organization based out in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Heat transfer. The organization has 3392 authors who have published 4043 publications receiving 29139 citations. The organization is also known as: GITAM & GITAM College.

Design of low power hamming code encoding, decoding and correcting circuits using reversible logic

Abstract: An ideal communication relies on error detection and correction techniques for faultless data transmission. Hamming code is widely known among those techniques for single bit error detection and correction capacity. Low power circuit design yields many favorable conditions like increased performance, system capacity, minimized cost etc. Reversible logic is an excellent approach to optimize heat dissipation and information loss. As hamming code is designed using irreversible logic gates, there is undesired power dissipation. So, to improvise this downside, this paper elucidates the design of low power hamming code using reversible logic gates which detects and corrects the error if any. The mathematical analysis of quantum cost calculation, garbage outputs, delay and power is presented in this paper. Finally, simulation results are attained by using cadence virtuoso. The power dissipation for the proposed design is 7.2μW when the power of individual components is added theoretically. The overall power of the circuit is 5.8μW.

Bioremediation and Detoxification of the Textile Wastewater with Membrane Bioreactor Using the White-rot Fungus and Reuse of Wastewater.

Abstract: Background: Application of membrane technology to wastewater treatment has expanded over the last decades due to increasingly stringent legislation, greater opportunities for water reuse/recycling processes and continuing advancement in membrane technology. Objectives: In the present study, a bench-scale submerged microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to assess the treatment of textile wastewater. Materials and Methods: The decolorization capacity of white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor was confirmed through agar plate and liquid batch studies. The temperature and pH of the reactor were controlled at 29±1°C and 4.5±2, respectively. The bioreactor was operated with an average flux of 0.05 m.d-1 (HRT=15hrs) for a month. Results: Extensive growth of fungi and their attachment to the membrane led to its fouling and associated increase of the transmembrane pressure requiring a periodic withdrawal of sludge and membrane cleaning. However, stable decoloration activity (approx. 98%), BOD (40-50%), COD (50-67%) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal (>95%) was achieved using the entire system (fungi + membrane), while the contribution of the fungi culture alone for TOC removal, as indicated by the quality of the reactor supernatant, was 35-50% and 70%, respectively. Conclusions: The treated wastewater quality satisfied the requirement of water quality for dyeing and finishing process excluding light coloration. Therefore, textile wastewater reclamation and reuse is a promising alternative, which can both conserve or supplement the available water resource and reduce or eliminate the environmental pollution.

Assessment of the effect of landfill leachate irrigation of different doses on wheat plant growth and harvest index: A laboratory simulation study

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of landfill leachate irrigation for wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) by evaluating the trace element accumulation, plant growth (shoot length, root length, number of leaves), and harvest index at different leachate dose rate soil. For the laboratory simulated irrigation, leachate sample was collected from the Ghazipur landfill site, Delhi which has an area of 30 ha and a dumping quantity of 2800 tons per day (TPD) of solid waste. The three treatment groups: control soil (C), fertilizer treated soil (C-F) and leachate treated soil with different concentration: C-L1 (50 ml), C-L2 (150 ml), C-L3 (300 ml), C-L4 (450 ml) and C-L5 (600 ml) were used for this experiment to assess the wheat plant growth under various treatments. Leachate irrigation on soil modified the physicochemical properties of soil by increasing the pH, EC (electrical conductivity), organic content, exchangeable nutrients, available phosphorous (Avail. PO4), total nitrogen (TN) and trace elements. Trace elements concentrations in soil and wheat grain were below the Indian permissible limit under various treatments. Growth parameters of wheat plant showed positive response at all leachate dose rate soil and fertilizer treated soil as compared to control soil. The highest harvest index (HI) found in 450 ml leachate dose rate soil (C-L4) due to higher number of grains suggests that leachate can be used as fertilizer. In order to estimate the potential health risk from trace elements by consuming wheat grain, hazard quotient and hazard index have been calculated. It has been observed that trace element risk was not noticeable except 600 ml leachate irrigated soil (C-L5). The study recommends that the optimum dose of leachate can be used as a fertilizer.

Differential responses of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars to salinity stress.

Abstract: Salinity stress-induced morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of four soybean cultivars (MAU-61, LSB-1, NRC-37 and MACS-57) were studied in 30 days old plants by treating them with 100 mM, 200 mM and 300 mM concentrations of NaCl respectively. The effect of salinity on plant growth was studied by measuring the growth of the plant, branch length, leaf area. The water relations of soybean cultivars under salinity were estimated by studying the relative water contents and water uptake capacity. The response of the soybean plants to salinity stress was analysed by estimating the levels of carbohydrates, total free amino acids, proline, glycine betaine along with the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and sucrose phosphate synthase. Carbohydrates and SPS activity were decreased in the soybean plants under salinity stress whereas the contents of proline, glycine betaine and total free amino acids were increased along with superoxide dismutase activity. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the accumulation of two SOD isoenzymes Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn SOD under salinity stress. Differential expression of these enzymes showed that the expression of these enzymes under salinity stress was high in roots. This study reveals that the varieties NRC-37 and MACS-57 showed a better performance under salinity stress, when compared to that of MAU-61 and LSB-1 which was very well correlated with their biomass contents.