Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management

About: Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management is a education organization based out in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Heat transfer. The organization has 3392 authors who have published 4043 publications receiving 29139 citations. The organization is also known as: GITAM & GITAM College.

Regulation of Chemokines and Cytokines by Histone Deacetylases and an Update on Histone Decetylase Inhibitors in Human Diseases

Abstract: Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) counteract with each other to regulate gene expression by altering chromatin structure. Aberrant HDAC activity was reported in many human diseases including wide range of cancers, viral infections, cardiovascular complications, auto-immune diseases and kidney diseases. HDAC inhibitors are small molecules designed to block the malignant activity of HDACs. Chemokines and cytokines control inflammation, immunological and other key biological processes and are shown to be involved in various malignancies. Various HDACs and HDAC inhibitors were reported to regulate chemokines and cytokines. Even though HDAC inhibitors have remarkable anti-tumor activity in hematological cancers, they are not effective in treating many diseases and many patients relapse after treatment. However, the role of HDACs and cytokines in regulating these diseases still remain unclear. Therefore, understanding exact mechanisms and effector functions of HDACs are urgently needed to selectively inhibit them and to establish better a platform to combat various malignancies. In this review, we address regulation of chemokines and cytokines by HDACs and HDAC inhibitors and update on HDAC inhibitors in human diseases.

Processing and characterization of jute fiber reinforced hybrid biocomposites based on polylactide/polycaprolactone blends

Abstract: The main focus of this work is to develop biocomposites with improved stiffness and toughness. For this purpose, hybrid biocomposites composed of surface modified jute fiber and varying weight fractions of polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) are fabricated by hot pressing of solvent impregnated prepregs. Mechanical, thermal (DSC), viscoelastic properties and biodegradation of the developed biocomposites were evaluated. Surface modification of the jute fiber resulted in improvement of tensile strength and modulus and reduction in impact toughness along with vibration damping capacity. The addition of biodegradable resin PCL to PLA matrix leads to recovery of the impact toughness and damping capacity of the biocomposites, without much sacrifice in stiffness and strength. Hybrid biocomposite with 10 wt% PCL attained an optimum balance between stiffness and toughness. In addition, PCL also accelerated the biodegradation rate of the composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers

Cadmium removal by macro algae Caulerpa fastigiata: Characterization, kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies

Abstract: The removal of cadmium from aqueous solution by biosorption on a new biosorbent Caulerpa fastigiata (Macro algae) was studied as a function of initial metal ion concentration, pH, temperature, sorbent dosage and biomass particle size. The maximum biosorption was found to be 92.01% for C. fastigiata at 25 °C, at the initial pH value of 5.5 in 60 min and at the initial cadmium (II) ion concentration of 30.29 mg L−1 and beyond pH 5.5, Cd2+ ions removal rapidly declined. Uptake kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model and equilibrium was well described by Freundlich model. Isotherms had been used to determine thermodynamic parameters of the process, viz., free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change. The thermodynamic data represent exothermic process and free energy change (ΔG°) with negative sign reflects the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the process. The SEM studies showed Cd2+ biosorption on selective grains of both biosorbents. The FTIR spectra indicated that the functional groups predominantly involved in the biosorption were OH, COO−, CH, C C, C S and C C groups. The XRD pattern of the biosorbent was found to be mostly amorphous in nature.