Institution
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Facility•Princeton, New Jersey, United States•
About: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Climate model & Climate change. The organization has 525 authors who have published 2432 publications receiving 264545 citations. The organization is also known as: GFDL.
Topics: Climate model, Climate change, Sea surface temperature, Tropical cyclone, Thermohaline circulation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, historical climate simulations of the period 1861-2000 using two new Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) global climate models (CM2.0 and CM2.1) are compared with observed surface temperatures.
Abstract: Historical climate simulations of the period 1861–2000 using two new Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) global climate models (CM2.0 and CM2.1) are compared with observed surface temperatures. All-forcing runs include the effects of changes in well-mixed greenhouse gases, ozone, sulfates, black and organic carbon, volcanic aerosols, solar flux, and land cover. Indirect effects of tropospheric aerosols on clouds and precipitation processes are not included. Ensembles of size 3 (CM2.0) and 5 (CM2.1) with all forcings are analyzed, along with smaller ensembles of natural-only and anthropogenic-only forcing, and multicentury control runs with no external forcing. Observed warming trends on the global scale and in many regions are simulated more realistically in the all-forcing and anthropogenic-only forcing runs than in experiments using natural-only forcing or no external forcing. In the all-forcing and anthropogenic-only forcing runs, the model shows some tendency for too much twentieth-c...
253 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the satellite Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) provides data describing monthly changes in the geoid, which are closely related to changes in vertically integrated terrestrial water storage.
Abstract: [1] The satellite Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) provides data describing monthly changes in the geoid, which are closely related to changes in vertically integrated terrestrial water storage. Unlike conventional point or gridded hydrologic measurements, such as those from rain gauges, stream gauges, rain radars, and radiometric satellite images, GRACE data are sets of Stokes coefficients in a truncated spherical harmonic expansion of the geoid. Swenson and Wahr [2002] describe techniques for constructing spatial averaging kernels, with which the average change in vertically integrated water storage within a given region can be extracted from a set of Stokes coefficients. This study extends that work by applying averaging kernels to a realistic synthetic GRACE gravity signal derived in part from a large-scale hydrologic model. By comparing the water storage estimates inferred from the synthetic GRACE data with the water storage estimates predicted by the same hydrologic model, we are able to assess the accuracy of the GRACE estimates and to compare the performance of different averaging kernels. We focus specifically on recovering monthly water storage variations within North American river basins. We conclude that GRACE will be capable of estimating monthly changes in water storage to accuracies of better than 1 cm of water thickness for regions having areas of 4.0 · 105 km2 or larger. Accuracies are better for larger regions. The water storage signal of the Mississippi river basin (area = 3.9 · 106 km2), for example, can be obtained to better than 5 mm. For regional- to global-scale water balance analyses, this result indicates that GRACE will provide a useful, direct measure of seasonal water storage for river-basin water balance analyses; such data are without precedent in hydrologic analysis.
253 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a modification to the standard forcing-feedback diagnostic energy balance model to account for differences between effective and equilibrium climate sensitivities and the variation of effective sensitivity over time in climate change experiments with coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models.
Abstract: This article proposes a modification to the standard forcing–feedback diagnostic energy balance model to account for 1) differences between effective and equilibrium climate sensitivities and 2) the variation of effective sensitivity over time in climate change experiments with coupled atmosphere–ocean climate models. In the spirit of Hansen et al. an efficacy factor is applied to the ocean heat uptake. Comparing the time evolution of the surface warming in high and low efficacy models demonstrates the role of this efficacy in the transient response to CO2 forcing. Abrupt CO2 increase experiments show that the large efficacy of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s Climate Model version 2.1 (CM2.1) sets up in the first two decades following the increase in forcing. The use of an efficacy is necessary to fit this model’s global mean temperature evolution in periods with both increasing and stable forcing. The intermodel correlation of transient climate response with ocean heat uptake efficac...
253 citations
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Imperial College London1, Goddard Institute for Space Studies2, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory3, National Center for Atmospheric Research4, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences5, Earth System Research Laboratory6, Lancaster University7, University of California, Irvine8, Columbia University9, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory10, ENEA11, University of Reading12, Met Office13, University of Oslo14, University of Edinburgh15, Centre national de la recherche scientifique16, National Institute for Environmental Studies17, Environment Canada18, German Aerospace Center19, Goddard Space Flight Center20, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research21
TL;DR: In this paper, results from simulations performed for the At- mospheric Chemistry and Climate Modeling Intercompari- son Project (ACCMIP) are analysed to examine how OH and methane lifetime may change from present day to the future, under different climate and emissions scenarios.
Abstract: Results from simulations performed for the At- mospheric Chemistry and Climate Modeling Intercompari- son Project (ACCMIP) are analysed to examine how OH and methane lifetime may change from present day to the future, under different climate and emissions scenarios. Present day (2000) mean tropospheric chemical lifetime derived from the ACCMIP multi-model mean is 9.8± 1.6 yr (9.3± 0.9 yr when only including selected models), lower than a recent
253 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined variations in the Martian water and CO2 cycles with changes in orbital and rotational parameters using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Mars General Circulation Model.
Abstract: [1] Variations in the Martian water and CO2 cycles with changes in orbital and rotational parameters are examined using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Mars General Circulation Model. The model allows for arbitrary specification of obliquity, eccentricity, and argument of perihelion as well as the position and thickness of surface ice. Exchange of CO2 between the surface and atmosphere is modeled, generating seasonal cycles of surface ice and surface pressure. Water is allowed to exchange between the surface and atmosphere, cloud formation is treated, and both cloud and vapor are transported by modeled winds and diffusion. Exchange of water and CO2 with the subsurface is not allowed, and radiative effects of water vapor and clouds are not treated. The seasonal cycle of CO2 is found to become more extreme at high obliquity, as suggested by simple heat balance models. Maximum pressures remain largely the same, but the minima decrease substantially as more CO2 condenses in the more extensive polar night. Vapor and cloud abundances increase dramatically with obliquity. The stable location for surface ice moves equatorward with increasing obliquity, such that by 45° obliquity, water ice is stable in the tropics only. Ice is not spatially uniform, but rather found preferentially in regions of high thermal inertia or high topography. Eccentricity and argument of perihelion can provide a second-order modification to the distribution of surface ice by altering the temporal distribution of insolation at the poles. Further model simulations reveal the robustness of these distributions for a variety of initial conditions. Our findings shed light on the nature of near-surface, ice-rich deposits at midlatitudes and low-latitudes on Mars.
253 citations
Authors
Showing all 546 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Alan Robock | 90 | 346 | 27022 |
Isaac M. Held | 88 | 215 | 37064 |
Larry W. Horowitz | 85 | 253 | 28706 |
Gabriel A. Vecchi | 84 | 282 | 31597 |
Toshio Yamagata | 83 | 294 | 27890 |
Li Zhang | 81 | 727 | 26684 |
Ronald J. Stouffer | 80 | 153 | 56412 |
David Crisp | 79 | 328 | 18440 |
Thomas L. Delworth | 76 | 178 | 26109 |
Syukuro Manabe | 76 | 129 | 25366 |
Stephen M. Griffies | 68 | 202 | 18065 |
John Wilson | 66 | 487 | 22041 |
Arlene M. Fiore | 65 | 168 | 17368 |
John P. Dunne | 64 | 189 | 17987 |
Raymond T. Pierrehumbert | 62 | 192 | 14685 |