Jean Moulin University Lyon 3

About: Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 is a education organization based out in Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Geology. The organization has 343 authors who have published 572 publications receiving 3175 citations.

Représentations du corps malade et symbolique du mal: maladie, malheur, mal ?

Abstract: Propos Dans le cadre du traitement du cancer, la medecine conventionnelle est confrontee a un debat d’ecole pour definir ce qui fait la verite de la maladie. Elle est prise entre la maladie objectivee par la technologie medicale, la souffrance du patient et les representations culturelles de la maladie representee comme une figure du mal.

A Role-Based Model for Access Control in Database Federations

Abstract: Data access security in federated information systems with loose coupling among local data sources is hard to achieve mainly for two reasons: local data information source heterogeneity (data models, access security models, semantics...), local autonomy which do not allow to create a global integrated consistent security schema. To solve some of such problems we propose a role-based object model to describe the local data access security schemas (discretionary and non-discretionary models). Interoperability among the various local data sources is achieved by a rich descriptive layer at the federated level. The global security policy allows to define the choices concerning information flow control both for importation (from the federation to a local system) and exportation (from a local system to the federation).

Range limits in sympatric cryptic species: a case study in Tetramorium pavement ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) across a biogeographical boundary

Abstract: In the context of climate changes, factors that determine the distribution patterns of European species of the ubiquitous ant genus Tetramorium were investigated. The study took place along a steep North‐South climatic gradient across the boundary between the European Continental and Mediterranean biogeographical regions spanning 460 km along the Rhône valley, France. Ants from 1690 Tetramorium colonies were collected in 19 sampling zones. Species were identified using an integrative approach based on a two‐step process combining nuclear DNA (14 microsatellite markers), morphological examination and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I sequencing. The impact of climate on species distribution patterns was tested using bioclimatic variables. Species discrimination was successful, despite a complex situation with cryptic species, inter‐specific hybridisation and uneven sampling across species. Our results showed a strong effect of latitude, temperature and rainfall on the distribution of three of four species. Tetramorium semilaeve was found only south of the boundary, in warmer and dryer sites; Tetramorium caespitum extended north and 70 km south of the boundary and favoured colder sites with strong seasonal variation. Tetramorium immigrans was absent from the northernmost sampling zones and favoured warmer and wetter sites. Tetramorium moravicum was mostly found close to the boundary, but without significant climatic preferences. The fundamental role of climate as a factor limiting the ranges of these species at a major biogeographical boundary is confirmed. Monitoring range limits of these strongly climate‐dependant species may offer exciting insights on the impact of climate changes on species distributions.

Application of Remotely Sensed Imagery and Socioeconomic Surveys to Map Crop Choices in the Bekaa Valley (Lebanon)

Abstract: Based on remotely sensed imagery and socioeconomic data, this research analyzes the reasons why farmers choose one crop over another in the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon. This study mapped the area of the cultivated crop in 2017 with Sentinel-2 images. An accurate and new method was developed to extract the field boundaries from the evolution of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) profile throughout the season. We collected 386 GPS locations for fields that are used for crop cultivation, from which the NDVI profile was extracted. The 386 reference fields were separated into two groups: reference locations and test locations. The Euclidean distance (ED) was calculated between these two groups, and the classification was strongly correlated to the known crop type in the field (overall accuracy: 90%). Our study area cultivated wheat (32%), spring potatoes (25%), spring vegetables (27%), orchards (11%), vineyards (7%), and alfalfa (<1%). Socioeconomic surveys showed that farmers favored these crops over others on account of their profitability. Nonetheless, the surveys highlighted a paradox: despite the lack of a political frame for agriculture in Lebanon, farmers’ crop choices strongly depend on a few existing policies.