Naval Postgraduate School

About: Naval Postgraduate School is a education organization based out in Monterey, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Tropical cyclone & Nonlinear system. The organization has 5246 authors who have published 11614 publications receiving 298300 citations. The organization is also known as: NPS & U.S. Naval Postgraduate School.

Measurements of the Proton and Deuteron Spin Structure Functions g1 and g2

Abstract: Measurements are reported of the proton and deuteron spin structure functions ${g}_{1}^{p}$ and ${g}_{1}^{d}$ at beam energies of 29.1, 16.2, and 9.7 GeV, and ${g}_{2}^{p}$ and ${g}_{2}^{d}$ at a beam energy of 29.1 GeV. The integrals ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{p}={\ensuremath{\int}}_{0}^{1}{g}_{1}^{p}{(x,Q}^{2})dx$ and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{d}={\ensuremath{\int}}_{0}^{1}{g}_{1}^{d}{(x,Q}^{2})dx$ were evaluated at fixed ${Q}^{2}=3(\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2}$ using the full data set to yield ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{p}=0.132\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.009(\mathrm{syst})$ and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{d}=0.047\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006.$ The ${Q}^{2}$ dependence of the ratio ${g}_{1}{/F}_{1}$ was studied and found to be small for ${Q}^{2}g1(\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2}.$ Within experimental precision the ${g}_{2}$ data are well described by the twist-2 contribution, ${g}_{2}^{\mathrm{WW}}.$ Twist-3 matrix elements were extracted and compared to theoretical predictions. The asymmetry ${A}_{2}$ was measured and found to be significantly smaller than the positivity limit $\sqrt{R}$ for both proton and deuteron targets. ${A}_{2}^{p}$ is found to be positive and inconsistent with zero. Measurements of ${g}_{1}$ in the resonance region show strong variations with $x$ and ${Q}^{2},$ consistent with resonant amplitudes extracted from unpolarized data. These data allow us to study the ${Q}^{2}$ dependence of the integrals ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{p}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{n}$ below the scaling region.

The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in the West: Introduction and Overview

Abstract: The results of an experimental 'end to end' assessment of the effects of climate change on water resources in the western United States are described. The assessment focuses on the potential effects of climate change over the first half of the 21st century on the Columbia, Sacramento/San Joaquin, and Colorado river basins. The paper describes the methodology used for the assessment, and it summarizes the principal findings of the study. The strengths and weaknesses of this study are discussed, and suggestions are made for improving future climate change assessments. In the summer of 2000, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded a project to perform an experimental 'end-to-end' assessment of the effects of climate change on the western United States. The project was intended both to demonstrate and test a methodology for performing quantitative assessments of climate-driven environ- mental impacts. A second objective was to provide useful information to regional, state, and local decision-makers, whose job it will be to deal with the conflict- ing demands that climate change, population increases, and economic growth will place on the water resources of the West. The third objective was to demonstrate the potential value of an Accelerated Climate Prediction Initiative (ACPI). The ACPI was a DOE initiative to accelerate the development, improvement, and application of U.S. climate models and to provide the advanced computational facilities that would be needed to carry out this work. Although the ACPI was not funded, some of its spirit lives on in various DOE and other federal agency projects and programs designed to advance 'ultra-scale' computing and the science of climate simulation. In this volume, we hope to demonstrate what can be achieved if a highly qualified group of scientists are brought together, under relatively light management reins, to take an in-depth look at how future climate change might affect issues of real importance to the citizens of the United States. Other assessments have been made of the potential effects of climate change on the West (National Assessment Report, 2000), but this current work differs from previous assessments in important ways. The principal differences are as follows:

The Central Role of Discourse in Large-Scale Change: A Social Construction Perspective:

Abstract: This article reconceptualizes the change process from a rational planning perspective to an interpretive perspective emphasizing the social construction of meaning. Discourse is viewed as the core of the change process through which our basic assumptions about organizing are created, sustained, and transformed. To illustrate the dynamics of meaning systems, examples are provided of organizations shifting from mechanistic assumptions to become more adaptive, responsive, quality-oriented organizations. Implications for researchers and managers are included.