School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences

About: School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences is a facility organization based out in Villejuif, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Politics & Context (language use). The organization has 1230 authors who have published 2084 publications receiving 57740 citations. The organization is also known as: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales & EHESS.

Les problèmes cognitifs rencontrés par des elèves de l’enseignement secondaire dans l’apprentissage de l’informatique

Abstract: Cet article de synthese developpe des elements theoriques et methodologiques dans une problematique d’analyse des difficultes cognitives rencontrees par des eleves de l’enseignement secondaire dans l’apprentissage de l’informatique L’accent est mis d’une part sur les representations que les eleves construisent sur le fonctionnement du systeme et sur la structuration de l’information (representation des donnees) et, d’autre part, sur l’acquisition des concepts cles de variable et d’iteration

Relevance Is Socially Rewarded, But Not at the Price of Accuracy

Abstract: Selecting good sources of information is a critical skill to navigate our highly social world. To evaluate the epistemic reputation of potential sources, the main criterion should be the relevance of the information they provide us. In two online experiments (N = 801), we found that receivers are more thankful toward, deem more competent, and are more likely to request information in the future from sources of more relevant messages-if they know the message to be accurate or deem it plausible. To prevent sources from presenting information as more relevant than it is in order to improve their reputation, receivers lower the reputation of sources sending messages that are more relevant-if-true, if they know the message to be inaccurate. Our research sheds light on the reputational trade-offs involved in choosing what information to communicate and helps explain transmission patterns such as rumors diffusion.

The Acquisition of Phonological Inventories

Abstract: The acquisition of phonological inventories is a subject which has been studied by both linguists and psychologists, and rightly so—there is no question from the point of view of the theoretician studying universal grammar that the path from the initial state to the adult state is of interest, and there is no question from the developmental psychologist’s point of view that the child’s phonological capacities are undergoing substantial development in the early years. Beyond similar titles, however, the linguist and the psychologist researching “phonological inventory development” traditionally have little to share, because by “inventory development” they usually mean quite different things. The tradition among linguists began with Roman Jakobson, who placed the empirical focus on the child’s improving capacities for producing sounds. For psychologists, however, the seminal work of Eimas et al. 1971 shifted the focus from observational studies of production to laboratory work in perception. Since then, there have been two different traditions, child phonology and infant speech perception, both of which use the term “inventory development,” but which have proceeded independently. With two traditions, there come two sets of received facts. Tthe received facts here both come in the form of developmental sequences, and traditional ways of understanding those developmental sequences. We begin by summarizing these traditional views of inventory development from the point of view of the linguist and the psychologist.

The toolish hand illusion: embodiment of a tool based on similarity with the hand.

Abstract: A tool can function as a body part yet not feel like one: Putting down a fork after dinner does not feel like losing a hand. However, studies show fake body-parts are embodied and experienced as parts of oneself. Typically, embodiment illusions have only been reported when the fake body-part visually resembles the real one. Here we reveal that participants can experience an illusion that a mechanical grabber, which looks scarcely like a hand, is part of their body. We found changes in three signatures of embodiment: the real hand's perceived location, the feeling that the grabber belonged to the body, and autonomic responses to visible threats to the grabber. These findings show that artificial objects can become embodied even though they bear little visual resemblance to the hand.