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Institution

School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences

FacilityVillejuif, France
About: School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences is a facility organization based out in Villejuif, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Politics & Context (language use). The organization has 1230 authors who have published 2084 publications receiving 57740 citations. The organization is also known as: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales & EHESS.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that SAH should be used cautiously for the assessment of income-related health inequalities in France, and it is however possible to minimize the reporting heterogeneity bias by converting SAH into a binary variable for poor health vs other health statuses.
Abstract: This paper tests for income-related reporting heterogeneity in self-assessed health (SAH). It also constructs a synthetic measure of clinical health to decompose the effect of income on SAH into an effect on clinical health (which is called a health production effect) and a reporting heterogeneity effect. We find health production effects essentially for low-income individuals, and reporting heterogeneity for the choice between the medium labels, i.e. 'fair' vs 'good' and for high-income individuals. As such, SAH should be used cautiously for the assessment of income-related health inequalities in France. It is however possible to minimize the reporting heterogeneity bias by converting SAH into a binary variable for poor health vs other health statuses.

146 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Jul 1989-Nature
TL;DR: The present study suggests that at this level of language processing, there are limits to bilingualism: a bilingual speaker has one and only one basic language.
Abstract: SPEECH, in any language, is continuous; speakers provide few reliable cues to the boundaries of words, phrases, or other meaningful units. To understand speech, listeners must divide the continuous speech stream into portions that correspond to such units. This segmentation process is so basic to human language comprehension that psycholinguists long assumed that all speakers would do it in the same way. In previous research1,2, however, we reported that segmentation routines can be language-specific: speakers of French process spoken words syllable by syllable, but speakers of English do not. French has relatively clear syllable boundaries and syllable-based timing patterns, whereas English has relatively unclear syllable boundaries and stress-based timing; thus syllabic segmentation would work more efficiently in the comprehension of French than in the comprehension of English. Our present study suggests that at this level of language processing, there are limits to bilingualism: a bilingual speaker has one and only one basic language.

146 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proved that any plane graph may be represented by a triangle contact system, that is a collection of triangular disks which are disjoint except at contact points, each contact point being a node of exactly one triangle.
Abstract: It is proved that any plane graph may be represented by a triangle contact system, that is a collection of triangular disks which are disjoint except at contact points, each contact point being a node of exactly one triangle. Representations using contacts of T- of Y-shaped objects follow. Moreover, there is a one-to-one mapping between all the triangular contact representations of a maximal plane graph and all its partitions into three Schnyder trees.

145 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Aug 2014-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: A cross-check analysis by comparing results obtained with data collected from three different sources: Twitter, census, and cell phones to assess the correlation between the datasets on different aspects: the spatial distribution of people concentration, the temporal evolution of people density, and the mobility patterns of individuals.
Abstract: The pervasive use of new mobile devices has allowed a better characterization in space and time of human concentrations and mobility in general. Besides its theoretical interest, describing mobility is of great importance for a number of practical applications ranging from the forecast of disease spreading to the design of new spaces in urban environments. While classical data sources, such as surveys or census, have a limited level of geographical resolution (e.g., districts, municipalities, counties are typically used) or are restricted to generic workdays or weekends, the data coming from mobile devices can be precisely located both in time and space. Most previous works have used a single data source to study human mobility patterns. Here we perform instead a cross-check analysis by comparing results obtained with data collected from three different sources: Twitter, census, and cell phones. The analysis is focused on the urban areas of Barcelona and Madrid, for which data of the three types is available. We assess the correlation between the datasets on different aspects: the spatial distribution of people concentration, the temporal evolution of people density, and the mobility patterns of individuals. Our results show that the three data sources are providing comparable information. Even though the representativeness of Twitter geolocated data is lower than that of mobile phone and census data, the correlations between the population density profiles and mobility patterns detected by the three datasets are close to one in a grid with cells of 2×2 and 1×1 square kilometers. This level of correlation supports the feasibility of interchanging the three data sources at the spatio-temporal scales considered.

145 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Apr 2013-Science
TL;DR: The results reveal that the brain mechanisms underlying the threshold for conscious perception are already present in infancy but undergo a slow acceleration during development.
Abstract: Infants have a sophisticated behavioral and cognitive repertoire suggestive of a capacity for conscious reflection. Yet, demonstrating conscious access in infants remains challenging, mainly because they cannot report their thoughts. Here, to circumvent this problem, we studied whether an electrophysiological signature of consciousness found in adults, corresponding to a late nonlinear cortical response [~300 milliseconds (ms)] to brief pictures, already exists in infants. We recorded event-related potentials while 5-, 12-, and 15-month-old infants (N = 80) viewed masked faces at various levels of visibility. In all age groups, we found a late slow wave showing a nonlinear profile at the expected perceptual thresholds. However, this late component shifted from a weak and delayed response in 5-month-olds (starting around 900 ms) to a more sustained and faster response in older infants (around 750 ms). These results reveal that the brain mechanisms underlying the threshold for conscious perception are already present in infancy but undergo a slow acceleration during development.

142 citations


Authors

Showing all 1316 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Philippe Aghion12250773438
Andrew J. Martin8481936203
Jean-Jacques Laffont8333232930
Jonathan Grainger7832919719
Jacques Mehler7818823493
James S. Wright7751423684
Thomas Piketty6925136227
Dan Sperber6720732068
Arthur M. Jacobs6726014636
Jacques Mairesse6631020539
Andrew E. Clark6531828819
François Bourguignon6328718250
Emmanuel Dupoux6326714315
Marc Barthelemy6121525783
Pierre-André Chiappori6123018206
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202318
2022134
2021121
2020149
2019119
2018118