Sebelas Maret University

About: Sebelas Maret University is a education organization based out in Surakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 10901 authors who have published 10832 publications receiving 33057 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitas Negeri Surakarta & Universitas Sebelas Maret.

Fate and Behavior of Organochlorine Pesticides in the Indonesian Tropical Climate: A Study in the Segara Anakan Estuarine Ecosystem

Abstract: The fate and behavior of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the Segara Anakan Estuarine ecosystem was studied in the Indonesian tropical climate, which is characterized by heavy rainfall in the rainy season and low rainfall in the dry season. Since OCPs have high affinity for soil, a field study on the dissipation and degradation pattern of soil-applied 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p′-DDT) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p′-DDE) as model OCPs was carried out. They occurred at a faster rate in the biphasic mode in wet conditions and at a slower rate in dry conditions. In wet conditions, the conversion from p,p′-DDT to p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane) was governed by a parallel reaction. In dry conditions, only p,p′-DDE was formed. The fate and behavior of OCPs in sediment estuary are similar to those in soil under wet conditions, except that their sorption-desorption constants are influenced by estuarine surface water salinity. In the dry season, due to high salinity, the sediment acts as an OCP sink and a secondary source for the ecosystem, causes higher OCP concentration of local bio-monitors, i. e., Geloina spp. and Mugil spp. In the rainy season, high water inflow washed the desorbed OCP pesticides out of the estuarine ecosystem, and caused lower concentrations of bio-monitors. A risk evaluation for the uptake of OCP pesticides during the dry season suggests that adult fish meal consumers are safe, but risk management is required for pregnant woman.

Agricultural by-products as feed for ruminants in tropical area: nutritive value and mitigating methane emission

Abstract: Waste from agriculture sector is abundant in tropical countries. Many farmers in these countries have been using this waste as the main feed sources for feeding livestock. However, using these wastes as feeds for ruminant production resulted in lower animal production due to its lower protein and higher indigestible fiber contents. Various methods, including physical, chemical, biological and enzyme treatments, have been investigated to improve these feeds. Among these, biological treatment may be the most practical method for small-holder farmers, due to its lower cost. One benefit of biological treatment is the use of fermented juice of lactic acid bacteria. This treatment can improve the fermentation quality of silage. When applying fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) as silage additive, the lactic acid production and in vitro organic matter digestibility could be enhanced, and fibrous component could be reduced in crop residue silages. Utilization of agricultural by-product as ruminant feed also appears as an environmental problem. Digestion of high content of fiber in the rumen increase methane emission. Methane is now recognized as a contributor of about 40% to climate change. Adding chemicals or supplements in feeds or harnessing fermentation by microorganism result in reducing methane production. To reduce methane emission, combination of agricultural by-product and other nonstructural carbohydrates in the form of total mixed ration (TMR) is feasible.

Health Belief Model for the Analysis of Factors Affecting Hypertension Preventive Behavior among Adolescents in Surakarta

Abstract: Background : Hypertension is an important public health issue in developed and developing countries. The incidence of hypertension continues to rise to a serious level. Raising awareness of the seriousness of hypertension among peer groups may be an important factor for preventive health behavior. This study aimed to examine the used of health belief model for the analysis of factors affecting hypertension preventive behavior among adolescents. Sub jects and Method : This study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. It was conducted at 5 Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Surakarta from April to May, 2017. A sample of 200 class X and XI SMK students aged 15-17 years was selected for this study by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was hypertension preventive behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self efficacy, with perceived threat as a mediating variable. The data were collected by a set of pre-tested questionnaire. Path analysis was employed for data analysis using SPSS AMOS 22. Results: Perceived threat (b=0.24, SE=0.07, p=0.002), perceived benefit (b=0.24, SE=0.10, p=0.021), self efficacy (b=0.40, SE=0.23, p=0.084), and cues to action (b=0.45, SE=0.15, p=0.003) showed direct positive effects on hypertension preventive behavior. Perceived barrier (b=-0.26, SE=0.10, p=0.015) showed direct negative effect on hypertension preventive behavior. Perceived susceptibility (b= 0.27, SE= 0.09, p=0.005), perceived seriousness (b=0.29, SE=0.09, p<0.001), and cues to action (b=0.34, SE=0.13, p=0.008) showed indirect positive effects on hypertension preventive behavior. Conclusion: Hypertension preventive behavior is positively and directly affected by perceived threat, perceived benefit, self, and cues to action. The preventive behavior is negatively and directly affected by perceived barrier. Perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and cues to action indirectly and positively affect on hypertension preventive behavior. Keywords : health belief model, hypertension, preventive behavior, adolescents Correspondence: Rumeyda Chitra Puspita. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: rumeydacp@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287736044472. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(2): 183-196 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.02.08

An Analysis Of Market Reaction To CEO Turnover Announcement: The Case In Indonesia

Abstract: This paper investigates market reaction analysis to CEO turnover announcement in Indonesia. We are considering the succession factors: (1) the origin of successor (inside/outside firm) and (2) the process of succession (routine/non-routine). This paper aims to examine the market reaction of CEO turnover announcements. The samples consist of 59 firms from 1992 to 2003 and there was a t-test use to examining information content of CEO turnover announcements. The results show that market reacts positively to all CEO turnover announcements. The examination of the effects of succession process shows that market react positively to routine change, but do not react to non-routine change. Market also reacts positively to succession that leads inside candidate become a CEO, but the market give a mixed reaction when the successor come from outside firm. When the author combines the succession factors, we find the interesting result that market reacts favorably (positive) to routine change that leads the candidate from inside firm become a CEO. But market reacts unfavorably (negative) to routine change that leads candidate from outside become CEO. That’s mean the Indonesian investor prefer the smooth process in the succession, and they can reduce the uncertainty. Therefore we conclude that CEO turnover announcements have information content.