Shandong Normal University

About: Shandong Normal University is a education organization based out in Jinan, Shandong, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Catalysis. The organization has 12378 authors who have published 12576 publications receiving 174572 citations.

SICR rumor spreading model in complex networks: Counterattack and self-resistance

Abstract: Rumor is an important form of social interaction. However, spreading of harmful rumors could have a significant negative impact on the well-being of the society. In this paper, considering the counterattack mechanism of the rumor spreading, we introduce two new models: Susceptible–Infective–Counterattack–Refractory (SICR) model and adjusted-SICR model. We then derive mean-field equations to describe their dynamics in homogeneous networks and conduct the steady-state analysis. We also introduce the self-resistance parameter τ , and study the influence of this parameter on rumor spreading. Numerical simulations are performed to compare the SICR model with the SIR model and the adjusted-SICR model, respectively, and we investigate the spreading peak of the rumor and the final size of the rumor with various parameters. Simulation results are congruent exactly with the theoretical analysis. The experiment reveals some interesting patterns of rumor spreading involved with counterattack force.

Excessive nitrogen application dampens antioxidant capacity and grain filling in wheat as revealed by metabolic and physiological analyses.

Abstract: In this study, field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was treated with normal (Nn) and excessive (Ne) levels of fertilizer N. Results showed that Ne depressed the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase and increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was higher under Ne at anthesis and medium milk but similar at the early dough stage and significantly lower at the hard dough stage than that under Nn. The metabolomics analysis of the leaf responses to Ne during grain filling showed 99 metabolites that were different between Ne and Nn treatments, including phenolic and flavonoid compounds, amino acids, organic acids and lipids, which are primarily involved in ROS scavenging, N metabolism, heat stress adaptation and disease resistance. Organic carbon (C) and total N contents were affected by the Ne treatment, with lower C/N ratios developing after medium milk. Ultimately, grain yields decreased with Ne. Based on these data, compared with the normal N fertilizer treatment, we concluded that excessive N application decreased the ability to scavenge ROS, increased lipid peroxidation and caused significant metabolic changes disturbing N metabolism, secondary metabolism and lipid metabolism, which led to reduced grain filling in wheat.

Graphene isolated Au nanoparticle arrays with high reproducibility for high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Abstract: An efficient surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate has been developed based on highly ordered arrays of graphene–isolated Au nanoparticle (G/AuNP) By combining the electromagnetic enhancement activity of AuNP arrays and unique physical/chemical properties of graphene, the G/AuNP arrays shows high performance in terms of sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and reproducibility The average enhancement factor obtained from the G/AuNP arrays for rhodamine 6G probe molecules is over 10 7 The maximum deviations of SERS intensities from 20 positions of a same SERS substrate are in the range of 474% to 689% and from 20 different substrates in various batches are in the range of 567% to 837%, depending on different vibration modes As a practical application of this SERS system, we detect the adenosine concentration in human serum The detection results show a good linear correlation between SERS intensity and adenosine concentration within the range of 2 to 250 nM This work may open up new opportunities in developing the applications of SERS in biomedical diagnostics, biological sensing and other biotechnology

Authority, Autonomy, and Family Relationships Among Adolescents in Urban and Rural China

Abstract: Approximately 700 urban and rural 10th- (M=16.6 years) and 12th- (M=18.9 years) grade students in China completed measures assessing their beliefs about parental authority and individual autonomy, as well as aspects of their relationships with their parents. Urban adolescents indicated a greater willingness to disagree openly with their parents, a greater intensity of conflict with their parents, lower levels of cohesion with their parents, and a lower frequency of discussions with their fathers. Urban males were distinct from all other adolescents in terms of several aspects of their family relationships, reporting the earliest expectations for autonomy, the lowest levels of closeness with their mothers, and the least frequent discussions with their fathers.