Institution
St George's, University of London
Education•London, United Kingdom•
About: St George's, University of London is a education organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 4953 authors who have published 11675 publications receiving 574153 citations. The organization is also known as: SGUL & St George's Hospital Medical School.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: The implementation of an hs-cTnI assay was evaluated in consecutive patients who had been admitted to the hospitals' emergency departments with suspected acute coronary syndrome and its findings question whether the diagnostic threshold for myocardial infarction should be based on the 99th centile derived from a normal reference population.
240 citations
••
TL;DR: These results strengthen the evidence linking long-term ambient air pollution exposure to increased all-cause mortality, however, the stronger associations with respiratory mortality are not consistent with most US studies in which associations with cardiovascular causes of death tend to predominate.
Abstract: Rationale: Cohort evidence linking long-term exposure to outdoor particulate air pollution and mortality has come largely from the United States. There is relatively little evidence from nationally representative cohorts in other countries.
Objectives: To investigate the relationship between long-term exposure to a range of pollutants and causes of death in a national English cohort.
Methods: A total of 835,607 patients aged 40–89 years registered with 205 general practices were followed from 2003–2007. Annual average concentrations in 2002 for particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter less than 10 (PM10) and less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) at 1 km2 resolution, estimated from emission-based models, were linked to residential postcode. Deaths (n = 83,103) were ascertained from linkage to death certificates, and hazard ratios (HRs) for all- and cause-specific mortality for pollutants were estimated for interquartile pollutant changes from Cox models adjusting for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and area-level socioeconomic status markers.
Measurements and Main Results: Residential concentrations of all pollutants except ozone were positively associated with all-cause mortality (HR, 1.02, 1.03, and 1.04 for PM2.5, NO2, and SO2, respectively). Associations for PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 were larger for respiratory deaths (HR, 1.09 each) and lung cancer (HR, 1.02, 1.06, and 1.05) but nearer unity for cardiovascular deaths (1.00, 1.00, and 1.04).
Conclusions: These results strengthen the evidence linking long-term ambient air pollution exposure to increased all-cause mortality. However, the stronger associations with respiratory mortality are not consistent with most US studies in which associations with cardiovascular causes of death tend to predominate.
240 citations
••
University of Leicester1, Glenfield Hospital2, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute3, University of British Columbia4, University of Nottingham5, University of Malta6, University of Edinburgh7, Imperial College London8, University of Oulu9, University of Western Australia10, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital11, University of Cambridge12, Greifswald University Hospital13, Helmholtz Zentrum München14, University of Basel15, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich16, Uppsala University17, University of Split18, University of Tampere19, University of Helsinki20, University of Turku21, University of Queensland22, University of Bristol23, Harvard University24, Boston University25, University of Bergen26, National Jewish Health27, Johns Hopkins University28, University of Colorado Denver29, Laval University30, KEDGE Business School31, University of Groningen32, Merck & Co.33, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai34, Regeneron35, Geisinger Health System36, deCODE genetics37, University of Iceland38, University of Oxford39, Peking Union Medical College40, Peking University41, University of Liverpool42, St George's, University of London43
TL;DR: In this article, a genetic risk score was associated with COPD susceptibility (odds ratio per 1 s.d. of the risk score (∼6 alleles) (95% confidence interval) = 1.24 (1.20-1.27), P = 5.05 × 10(-49)), and they observed a 3.7-fold difference in COPD risk between individuals in the highest and lowest GA risk score deciles in UK Biobank.
Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by reduced lung function and is the third leading cause of death globally. Through genome-wide association discovery in 48,943 individuals, selected from extremes of the lung function distribution in UK Biobank, and follow-up in 95,375 individuals, we increased the yield of independent signals for lung function from 54 to 97. A genetic risk score was associated with COPD susceptibility (odds ratio per 1 s.d. of the risk score (∼6 alleles) (95% confidence interval) = 1.24 (1.20-1.27), P = 5.05 × 10(-49)), and we observed a 3.7-fold difference in COPD risk between individuals in the highest and lowest genetic risk score deciles in UK Biobank. The 97 signals show enrichment in genes for development, elastic fibers and epigenetic regulation pathways. We highlight targets for drugs and compounds in development for COPD and asthma (genes in the inositol phosphate metabolism pathway and CHRM3) and describe targets for potential drug repositioning from other clinical indications.
240 citations
••
TL;DR: TB meningitis is probably underdiagnosed by laboratory investigation, as evidence by the large numbers presenting with sterile lymphocytic markedly abnormal CSFs.
Abstract: The presentation and causes of adult meningitis in South Africa have changed substantially as a result of HIV. Knowledge of aetiology and laboratory findings in patients presenting with meningitis are important in guiding management. We performed a retrospective study to determine these findings in a setting of high HIV and TB prevalence in Cape Town. Patients undergoing lumbar punctures between 1st January 2006 and 31st December 2008 at a public sector referral hospital were studied. Cases were classified by microbiological diagnosis, or in the absence of definitive microbiology as 1) normal CSF (neutrophils ≤ 1 × 106/L, lymphocytes ≤ 5 × 106/L, protein ≤ 0.5 g/dL, glucose ≥1.5 mmol/L), 2) minor abnormalities (neutrophils 2-5, lymphocytes 6-20, protein 0.51-1.0, glucose 1.0-1.49) or 3) markedly abnormal (neutrophils>5, lymphocytes>20, protein>1.0, glucose<1.0). 5578 LPs were performed on 4549 patients, representing 4961 clinical episodes. Of these, 2293 had normal CSF and 931 had minor abnormalities and no aetiology identified. Of the remaining 1737, microbiological diagnoses were obtained in 820 (47%). Cryptococcus accounted for 63% (514) of microbiological diagnoses, TB for 28% (227), bacterial meningitis for 8% (68). Of the remaining 917 who had marked abnormalities, the majority (59%) had a sterile lymphocytic CSF. Of note 16% (81) patients with confirmed Cryptococcus, 5% (12) with TB and 4% (3) with bacterial meningitis had normal CSF cell-counts and biochemistry. Cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis are now the commonest causes of adult meningitis in this setting. TB meningitis is probably underdiagnosed by laboratory investigation, as evidence by the large numbers presenting with sterile lymphocytic markedly abnormal CSFs.
239 citations
••
TL;DR: Evidence is found linking long-term exposure to particulate matter and NO2 with the development of heart failure in an English national cohort, which did not replicate associations for other cardiovascular outcomes that have been reported elsewhere.
Abstract: Background:Evidence based largely on US cohorts suggests that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter is associated with cardiovascular mortality. There is less evidence for other pollutants and for cardiovascular morbidity. By using a cohort of 836,557 patients age 40 to 89 years registered w
238 citations
Authors
Showing all 5006 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Grant W. Montgomery | 157 | 926 | 108118 |
Naveed Sattar | 155 | 1326 | 116368 |
Alan S. Verkman | 146 | 771 | 70434 |
David P. Strachan | 143 | 472 | 105256 |
Sekar Kathiresan | 141 | 479 | 98784 |
Nick C. Fox | 139 | 748 | 93036 |
Andrew Steptoe | 137 | 1003 | 73431 |
Daniel I. Chasman | 134 | 484 | 72180 |
Joel N. Hirschhorn | 133 | 431 | 101061 |
Dan M. Roden | 132 | 859 | 67578 |
Hugh Watkins | 128 | 524 | 91317 |