Wayne State University

About: Wayne State University is a education organization based out in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 42801 authors who have published 82738 publications receiving 3083713 citations. The organization is also known as: WSU & Wayne University.

Prevalence and Diversity of Microbes in the Amniotic Fluid, the Fetal Inflammatory Response, and Pregnancy Outcome in Women with Preterm Pre-Labor Rupture of Membranes

Abstract: Problem The role played by microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (pPROM) is inadequately characterized, in part because of reliance on cultivation-based methods.

Sustained Cocaine Abstinence in Methadone Maintenance Patients Through Voucher-Based Reinforcement Therapy

Abstract: Background: Chronic cocaine abuse remains a serious and costly public health problem. This study assessed the effectiveness of a voucher-based reinforcement contingency in producing sustained cocaine abstinence. Methods: A randomized controlled trial compared voucherbased reinforcement of cocaine abstinence to noncontingent voucher presentation. Patients were selected from 52 consecutively admitted injecting heroin abusers in a methadone maintenance treatment program. Patients with heavy cocaine use during baseline period (N=37) participated. Except where otherwise indicated, the term cocaine abuse is used in this article in a generic sense and not according to the DSM-III-R definition. Patients exposed to abstinence reinforcement received a voucher for each cocaine-free urine sample (ie, negative for benzoylecgonine) provided three times per week throughout a 12-week period; the vouchers had monetary values that increased as the number of consecutive cocaine-free urine samples increased. Control patients received noncontingent vouchers that were matched in pattern and amount to the vouchers received by patients in the abstinence reinforcement group. Results: Patients receiving vouchers for cocaine-free urine samples achieved significantly more weeks of cocaine abstinence ( P =.007) and significantly longer durations of sustained cocaine abstinence ( P =.001) than controls. Nine patients (47%) receiving vouchers for cocaine-free urine samples achieved between 7 and 12 weeks of sustained cocaine abstinence; only one control patient (6%) achieved more than 2 weeks of sustained abstinence. Among patients receiving vouchers for cocaine-free urine samples, those who achieved sustained abstinence (≥5 weeks) had significantly lower concentrations of benzoylecgonine in baseline urine samples than those who did not achieve sustained abstinence ( P ≤.01). Patients receiving voucher reinforcement rated the overall treatment quality significantly higher than controls ( P =.002). Conclusion: Voucher-based reinforcement contingencies can produce sustained cocaine abstinence in injecting polydrug abusers.

A Review of ERP Research: A Future Agenda for Accounting Information Systems

Abstract: ERP systems are typically the largest, most complex, and most demanding information systems implemented by firms, representing a major departure from the individual and departmental information systems prevalent in the past. Firms and individuals are extensively impacted, and many problematic issues remain to be researched. ERP and related integrated technologies are a transformative force on the accounting profession. As the nature of business evolves, accounting expertise is being called on to make broader contributions such as reporting on nonfinancial measures, auditing information systems, implementing management controls within information systems, and providing management consulting services. This review of ERP research is drawn from an extensive examination of the breadth of ERP-related literature without constraints as to a narrow timeframe or limited journal list, although particular attention is directed to the leading journals in information systems and accounting information systems...

Standard-of-Care Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results From the US Lymphoma CAR T Consortium

Abstract: PURPOSEAxicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is an autologous CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy approved for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) on the basis of ...

Inflammation in Pregnancy: Its Roles in Reproductive Physiology, Obstetrical Complications, and Fetal Injury

Abstract: Fetal development and growth occur in a sterile amniotic cavity while first exposure to microorganisms happens at birth. However, at least 25% of all preterm births, the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, occur in mothers with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity. Microbial attack of the fetus takes place in approximately 10% of pregnancies with intra-amniotic infection, and the human fetus is capable of deploying an inflammatory response (cellular and humoral) in the mid-trimester of pregnancy. The onset of premature labor in the context of infection is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as these cytokines are produced by intrauterine tissues in response to microbial products, can stimulate prostaglandin production, and induce labor in animals. Moreover, knockout experiments suggest that infection is less likely to lead to premature labor when the IL-1 and TNF signaling pathways are disrupted. A fetal inflammatory systemic response occurs in a fraction of fetuses exposed to microorganisms in utero, and is associated with the impending onset of labor as well as multisystem organ involvement. Neonates born with funisi-tis, the histologic marker of such inflammation, are at increased risk for neurologic handicap and cerebral palsy. Evidence has begun to accumulate that gene-environment interactions determine the likelihood of preterm labor and delivery and, probably, the risk of fetal injury. Fetal inflammation has emerged as a major mechanism of disease responsible for complications in the perinatal period (in utero and in the first 28 days of life), as well as in infancy. Moreover, reprogramming of the fetal immune response may predispose to diseases in adulthood.