Showing papers in "Annals of Oncology in 2016"

TL;DR: These ESMO consensus guidelines have been developed based on the current available evidence to provide a series of evidence-based recommendations to assist in the treatment and management of patients with mCRC in this rapidly evolving treatment setting.

TL;DR: Practical guidelines are proposed for the oncologist to help in the clinical care of patients under ICB immunotherapy, which can become life-threatening if not anticipated and managed appropriately.

TL;DR: The composition of the TME is reviewed, how this attenuates immunosurveillance, and existing and potential strategies aimed at targeting cellular and molecular TME components are discussed.

TL;DR: The recent progress of the regulation of PD-L1 expression in cancer cells is summarized, a regulatory model for unified explanation is proposed and Clinically, it could increase treatment efficacy of targeted therapy by choosing those molecules that control both PD- L1 expression and cell proliferation.

TL;DR: This report presents the results of a meta-analyses conducted at the 2015 European Oncologia Conference on Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Hematology of Prostate and Digestive Health, held in Brussels, Belgium, which confirmed the need for further studies into the role of EMT in the development of central nervous system disease.

TL;DR: Although these results need to be further validated in larger cohorts, they indicate that the daily routine evaluation of the PD-L1 expression in diagnostic biopsies can be misleading in defining the sensitivity to treatment with PD- L1 targeted therapy.

TL;DR: Understanding why some cancer patients experience primary or secondary immune escape from PD-L1/PD-1-targeted therapy will be important to the development of rational immune-combination therapy and predictive diagnostics and to the identification of novel immune targets.

TL;DR: Management of febrile neutropenia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines J. de Naurois, I. Novitzky-Basso, M. Marti Marti & F. Roila.

TL;DR: The present research presents a novel and scalable approach that combines traditional and regenerative approaches to oncology that has real-time, real-world implications for individual patient care and quality of life.

TL;DR: The 2016 predictions for EU cancer mortality confirm the favourable trends in rates particularly for men, and continuing falls in mortality, larger in children and young adults, are predicted in leukaemias.

TL;DR: An overview of the function of normal and mutated IDH is provided, the role of IDH mutations in tumorigenesis and progression is discussed and the key clinical considerations when treating IDH-mutated tumors are reviewed based on emerging clinical data from mutant IDH1/2 inhibitor trials.

TL;DR: It is suggested that adjuvant metformin could have beneficial effects, particularly on cancer outcomes in colorectal and prostate cancer.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a neutrophil-based index may help risk-group stratification and assist disease-management strategies and the potential predictive value of this index for response to ipilimumab should be investigated in randomized clinical trials.

TL;DR: This paper presents the results of a meta-analyses conducted at the 2015 European Hematology Congress (ESMO) at the invitation of the ESMO Guidelines Committee, which confirmed the high level of confidence in the results obtained in the studies reported in this paper.

TL;DR: The aim of this work is to provide a systematic literature review and confirm the findings of the ESMO Guidelines Committee that smoking cessation in women with a history of oncology and breast cancer is associated with atypical prognosis and should be considered a risk factor for disease progression.

TL;DR: The individual risk of dying from cancer decreased in all countries with reliable data for the years 2000 through 2010, chiefly due to favorable trends in the commonest specific cancers.

TL;DR: The addition of radiotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy results in higher histological complete response rate, higher R0 resection rate, and a lower frequency of lymph-node metastases, without significantly affecting survival.

TL;DR: An improved overall survival and lower acute toxicity favours the 5 × 5 Gy schedule with consolidation chemotherapy and long-course chemoradiation for cT4 or advanced cT3 rectal cancer.

TL;DR: Pretreatment imaging of HER2 targeting, combined with early metabolic response assessment holds great promise for improving the understanding of tumor heterogeneity in mBC and for selecting patients who will/will not benefit from T-DM1.

TL;DR: The tumor microenvironments of paired primary lung cancers and brain metastases are significantly different, such that many of the metastases lose PD-L1 expression, lymphocyte infiltration or both with greater discrepancies over time, limiting its use as a tissue-based predictive biomarker in lung cancer.

TL;DR: This review summarises the latest research on the receptor tyrosine kinase ALK, and how this information can guide the management of patients with cancer that is ALK-positive, and suggests the need to tailor the sequence of ALK TKIs according to the ALK signature of each patient.

TL;DR: A patient with an ETV6-NTRK3-driven mammary analogue secretory carcinoma to treatment with a pan-Trk inhibitor and the development of acquired resistance linked to a novel NTRK 3 mutation that interferes with drug binding is described.

TL;DR: A relatively large decrease in the prevalence of severe fatigue seemed to occur in the first half year after treatment completion, but this should be with caution because of high heterogeneity.

TL;DR: The results should help to define the best therapeutic strategy for these patients and to orient future clinical trials, as well as show the chemosensitivity of HER2-driven NSCLC, and the potential interest of Her2-targeted agents.

TL;DR: A multicentre single-arm phase II trial in women with AR-positive, estrogen, progesterone receptor and HER2-negative metastatic or inoperable locally advanced BC to assess the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone treatment, finding that it is beneficial for some patients with molecular apocrine tumours.

TL;DR: In this series, stereotactic radiation to melanoma BMs is well tolerated in patients who received nivolumab and BM control and OS appear prolonged compared with standard current treatment.

TL;DR: The role of somatic BRCA mutations and BRCa methylation in ovarian cancer is discussed and the challenges that need to be addressed are explored if the full potential of these markers of HRD is to be utilised in clinical practice.

TL;DR: In this pooled analysis of metastatic colorectal cancer patients, mutations in KRAS, and BRAF were associated with inferior progression-free and overall survival compared with patients with non-mutated tumors.

TL;DR: Eliminating tobacco smoking is the best strategy to prevent lung cancer and the current evidence from prospective studies is consistent with a protective role of fruit and vegetables in lung cancer aetiology.

TL;DR: Low uptake of all agents and poor long-term persistence in breast cancer preventive therapy demonstrated that only 1 in 6 eligible women decided to take preventive therapy, limiting the preventive effect in women.