Showing papers in "Journal of Neuroimmunology in 2012"

TL;DR: Neutrophils in multiple sclerosis patients are more numerous and exhibit a primed state based on reduced apoptosis, higher expression of TLR-2, fMLP receptor, IL-8 receptor and CD43, enhanced degranulation and oxidative burst as well as higher levels of neutrophil extracellular traps in serum.

TL;DR: Assessment of the numbers of T, B and natural killer cells, and monocytes in PD found a small reduction in CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells in PD, suggesting some compromise in immune cells inPD and have potential implications for immune function and the progression of PD.

TL;DR: Elevated cerebrospinal fluid and serum concentrations of interleukin-8, but not interleuxin-1beta, in FM patients are reported, in accordance with FM symptoms being mediated by sympathetic activity rather than dependent on prostaglandin associated mechanisms and supports the hypothesis of glia cell activation in response to pain mechanisms.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that B cells from patients with RRMS but not NC secrete one or more factors toxic to OL, and it is possible that such factors produced by peripheral blood B cells when within the CNS could contribute to demyelination in MS patients.

TL;DR: Immunological differences between AD patients and age-matched controls greater than those related to age itself are identified, resulting in lower proportions of naïve cells, more late-differentiated cells and higher percentages of activated CD4+CD25+ T cells without a Treg phenotype in AD patients.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine seen in vivo are not due to classical activation of the α7 nAChR, and further suggest that antagonism of α7nAChRs may reduce neuroinflammation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that endogenous IL-33 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of EAE and indicate that blockade of IL- 33 has a significant protective effect against EAE.

TL;DR: Basic miRNA biology and nomenclature, the techniques available for mi RNA profiling research and recent miRNA profiling studies in Multiple Sclerosis are discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the basics of CXCR2, its regulating role in bone marrow neutrophil recruitment, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell positioning and neural repair mechanisms, as well as its diverse roles in neuroinflammatory brain pathologies.

TL;DR: Findings showed that children developing ASD were more likely to have decreased levels of both T helper-1(Th-1)- like cytokines and Th-2like cytokines which may suggest a depressed or hypoactive immune cell activity during neonatal period in ASD.

TL;DR: It is shown that IFNAR engagement by IFN-β expands naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell population through the modulation of dendritic cells (DCs), which will help the better understanding of the complex effects of IFn-β in the treatment of MS.

TL;DR: These studies suggest that activated nervous system mononuclear phagocytes and astrocytes expressing HIV-1 gene products in specific patterns are associated with neurodegeneration in the HIV- 1 transgenic rat.

TL;DR: This study is the first to report gender-specific changes in the numbers and function of Tregs after ischaemic stroke, and these changes may affect stroke outcome.

TL;DR: Both OPN and IL-23 may play pivotal role in development of MS and might be specific markers and therapeutic targets for MS.

TL;DR: CNS injury, manifested by astrogliosis, demyelination and axonal damages, was significantly reduced following laquinimod treatment, indicating its immunomodulatory and neuroprotective activity.

TL;DR: The two main types of high throughput transcriptomic technologies - microarrays and next generation sequencing - that can be used to identify candidate biomarkers are briefly described.

TL;DR: This report demonstrates for the first time the effects of a single, low dose gestational exposure of IgG derived from individual MAU on their offspring's physical and social development.

TL;DR: Bisulfite sequencing of the SHP-1 promoter demonstrated that over a third of MS subjects had abnormally high promoter methylation, and it is proposed that increased SHp-1 promoters methylation may relate in part to decreased SHP1 expression and increased leukocyte-mediated inflammation in MS.

TL;DR: This work assessed the immunomodulatory effects of laquinimod in vitro on human B cells from healthy or MS patients, cultured alone or with CD4(+) T cells, and modulated B cell markers, mainly by increasing the regulatory ones CD25, IL10 and CD86, and decreased IL4.

TL;DR: Increased expression of TLR2 and TLR4 is associated with poor functional outcome and greater residual volume in ICH patients.

TL;DR: The ARRIVE guidelines are provided, which provide guidance on acceptable data handling and indicate the minimal acceptable standard that should be adhered to when reporting and importantly refereeing all publications relating to EAE.

TL;DR: Findings show that Rapamycin ameliorates clinical and histological signs of chronic EAE when administered during ongoing disease, and significantly reduced the hyperalgesia observed before clinical development of EAE.

TL;DR: AD patients had significantly higher intrathecal anti-tau and anti-NFH antibodies than the other groups, which may hint at specific alterations in humoral anti-neurocytoskeletal immunity and selectivity in AD, which could have diagnostic and immunotherapeutic implications.

TL;DR: The data suggest that all IL-18, IL-23 and IL-17 may be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, however, the relationships of the three cytokines and clinical characteristics of MS need to be further investigated in the future.

TL;DR: These observations provide further evidence on the role of antibodies, complement and macrophages in plaque development, and strongly suggest they can induce axonal injury, an important cause of disability in MS.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that miRNA regulation in marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and C57/BL6 mouse EAE lesions largely resembles mi RNA regulation in active human MS lesions.

TL;DR: For the first time a partial PPAR-γ agonist has been shown to be neuroprotectory when administered post lesioning in a parkinsonian model.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that AGE-mediated neuroinflammation plays an important role in learning and memory deficits in diabetic mice and that Danshensu may provide a potential alternative for the prevention of cognitive impairment associated with diabetes by attenuating A GE-mediated Neuroinflammation.

TL;DR: Clear evidence is provided for the essential role of IL-10 in BBI-mediated suppression in EAE, and it is indicated that BBI may be a promising candidate for the development of a novel MS therapy.

TL;DR: Future work in this field may well generate metabolite profiles to monitor disease evolution, prognosticate and guide therapeutic decisions in complex diseases such as multiple sclerosis.