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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

Allan M. Maxam, +1 more
- 01 Feb 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 2, pp 560-564
TLDR
Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Abstract
DNA can be sequenced by a chemical procedure that breaks a terminally labeled DNA molecule partially at each repetition of a base. The lengths of the labeled fragments then identify the positions of that base. We describe reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines, at cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosines alone. When the products of these four reactions are resolved by size, by electrophoresis on a polyacrylamide gel, the DNA sequence can be read from the pattern of radioactive bands. The technique will permit sequencing of at least 100 bases from the point of labeling.

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Journal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

TL;DR: A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Journal ArticleDOI

Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

Eric S. Lander, +248 more
- 15 Feb 2001 - 
TL;DR: The results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome are reported and an initial analysis is presented, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.
Journal ArticleDOI

Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and efficient method for synthesizing pure single stranded RNAs of virtually any structure is described, based on the unusually specific RNA synthesis by bacteriophage SP6 RNA polymerase which initiates transcription exclusively at an SP6 promoter.
Journal ArticleDOI

The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers.

TL;DR: A series of plasmid vectors containing the multiple cloning site (MCS7) of M13mp7 has been constructed and a kanamycin-resistance marker has been inserted into the center of the symmetrical MCS7 to yield a restriction-site-mobilizing element (RSM).
Journal ArticleDOI

Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate.

TL;DR: Ten percent dextran sulfate accelerates the rate of hybridization of randomly cleaved double-stranded DNA probes to immobilized nucleic acids by as much as 100-fold, without increasing the background significantly.