A Salmonella Typhi RNA thermosensor regulates virulence factors and innate immune evasion in response to host temperature.
Susan M. Brewer,Christian Twittenhoff,Jens Kortmann,Sky W. Brubaker,Jared Honeycutt,Liliana M. Massis,Trung H.M. Pham,Franz Narberhaus,Denise M. Monack +8 more
TLDR
In this paper, an RNA thermosensor (RNAT) was identified in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of tviA encoded by the typhoid fever-causing bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi).Abstract:
Sensing and responding to environmental signals is critical for bacterial pathogens to successfully infect and persist within hosts. Many bacterial pathogens sense temperature as an indication they have entered a new host and must alter their virulence factor expression to evade immune detection. Using secondary structure prediction, we identified an RNA thermosensor (RNAT) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of tviA encoded by the typhoid fever-causing bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). Importantly, tviA is a transcriptional regulator of the critical virulence factors Vi capsule, flagellin, and type III secretion system-1 expression. By introducing point mutations to alter the mRNA secondary structure, we demonstrate that the 5' UTR of tviA contains a functional RNAT using in vitro expression, structure probing, and ribosome binding methods. Mutational inhibition of the RNAT in S. Typhi causes aberrant virulence factor expression, leading to enhanced innate immune responses during infection. In conclusion, we show that S. Typhi regulates virulence factor expression through an RNAT in the 5' UTR of tviA. Our findings demonstrate that limiting inflammation through RNAT-dependent regulation in response to host body temperature is important for S. Typhi's "stealthy" pathogenesis.read more
Citations
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Blowing Hot and Cold: Body Temperature and the Microbiome.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the evidence linking body temperature and the intestinal microbiome and their implications for microbiome function during hypothermia, heat stress, and fever, with consistent effects on community diversity and stability.
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Diversity and Versatility in Small RNA-Mediated Regulation in Bacterial Pathogens.
Brice Felden,Yoann Augagneur +1 more
TL;DR: In addition to the transcription factors (TFs) already known to be involved in global regulation of gene expression, small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) are emerging as major players in gene regulatory networks, where they allow environmental adaptation and fitness as discussed by the authors.
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Enteric Fever Diagnosis: Current Challenges and Future Directions
TL;DR: The pros and cons of currently available diagnostic tests for enteric fever, the advancement of research toward improved diagnostic tests, and the challenges of discovering new ideal biomarkers and tests are discussed.
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The gatekeeper of Yersinia type III secretion is under RNA thermometer control.
Stephan Pienkoß,Soheila Javadi,Paweena Chaoprasid,Thomas Nolte,Christian Twittenhoff,Petra Dersch,Franz Narberhaus +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that a temperature of 37°C is known to induce the RNA thermometer (RNAT)-dependent synthesis of LcrF, a transcription factor that activates expression of the entire T3SS regulon, and another RNAT silences translation of the yopN mRNA at low environmental temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
OmpA, a Common Virulence Factor, Is Under RNA Thermometer Control in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
TL;DR: This article found evidence for temperature-modulated RNA structure in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ompA transcript suggesting that opening of the structure at host-body temperature might relieve translational repression.
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